Polyhydroxylated Cyclic Delta Amino Acids: Synthesis and Conformational Influences on Biopolymers

Polyhydroxylated Cyclic Delta Amino Acids: Synthesis and Conformational Influences on Biopolymers
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多羟基环状 Delta 氨基酸:合成及其对生物聚合物的构象影响

DOI:
10.1007/7081_2015_181
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发表时间:
2015
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
A. Geyer
A. Geyer
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
A. Wuttke;A. Geyer

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这篇综述致力于蛋白质环境中多羟基氨基酸的适配和功能表征,指出可以在文献中找到糖衍生的非天然构建块的系统概要。本文综述了在从配体设计到蛋白质功能研究的各种应用中,肽或蛋白质中的两个连续氨基酸局部交换为多羟基δ-氨基酸。删除和保留多肽主干的两种一般策略分别不同。所谓的糖氨基酸(SaaS)将一个肽键交换成四氢吡喃或呋喃环。或者,多羟基双环二肽在它们的环系统中包含一个酰胺键,并成为肽主干的组成部分(比较图1中的SAA和XAA = YAA)。在多肽中,这些多羟基环系统可能有利于旋转和环状构象,改变极性,并为连接方法提供手柄。讨论了环取代基对这些杂环的影响,讨论了它们增加具有择优取向的特定构象的稳定性以及调节超分子相互作用的潜力。此外,还将介绍使用多羟基环系统来稳定独立的多肽发夹和调节蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用的例子。
This review is dedicated to the fitting and functional characterization of polyhydroxylated amino acids into protein environments, noting that systematic compendia of sugar-derived unnatural building blocks can be found in the literature. This review is focused on the local exchange of two sequential amino acids in a peptide or protein for a polyhydroxylated δ-amino acid in various applications ranging from ligand design to the investigation of protein function. Two general strategies are respectively differentiated that delete and retain the peptide backbone. So-called sugar amino acids (SAAs) exchange one peptide bond for a tetrahydropyran or furan ring. Alternatively, polyhydroxylated bicyclic dipeptides encompass an amide bond within their ring system and become integral parts of the peptide backbone (compare SAA and Xaa = Yaa in Fig. 1). In peptides, these polyhydroxylated ring systems may favor turn and loop conformations, modify polarity, and offer handles for ligation methods. The influence of ring substituents on these heterocycles is discussed with respect to their potential to increase the stability of particular conformations with preferred orientations as well as to mediate supramolecular interactions. In addition, examples of the use of polyhydroxylated ring systems to stabilize standalone peptide hairpins and mediate protein–protein interactions will be presented.
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