Antiviral Activity of Defective Interfering Influenza Virus in vivo
Antiviral Activity of Defective Interfering Influenza Virus in vivo
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缺陷型干扰流感病毒的体内抗病毒活性
DOI：
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发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
N. Dimmock
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Dimmock
缺陷干扰（DI）病毒有着悠久的历史；它们是由von Magnus[74 - 76,78]在甲型流感病毒制剂中发现的自干扰因子，并以他的名字命名多年。当人们发现这些突变体并不局限于流感病毒，而是由一种几乎普遍分布的独特缺陷病毒组成时，就使用了DI病毒这个术语，并由Huang和Baltimore[59]重新定义。对DI病毒的兴趣在20世纪70年代达到顶峰，但随后由于对其体内抗病毒活性的过度期望而减弱，这在当时是不可能实现的。现在，人们对DI基因组的认识有所提高，对其临床潜力，特别是在预防方面，有可能持更乐观的看法。最近，巴尔的摩[4]提倡使用“细胞内免疫”作为一种适用于整个生物体的抗病毒方法，这意味着将具有抗病毒活性的分子（如反义rna或抗体）引入细胞。一些（但不是全部）DI基因组属于这一类，这些分子正在被分析以确定序列和活性之间的关系。希望这些可以被设计来改善这种活动。本章讨论了用DI流感病毒治疗引起的小鼠对实验性流感的短暂抗性。据认为，这在预防人类、马和家禽感染流感病毒方面具有临床潜力，所有这些动物都是自然易感的。除此之外，我们着眼于作为转基因的DI RNA的组成表达，以赋予对特定病毒疾病的抵抗力。
Defective interfering (DI) viruses have a long history; they were discovered as auto-interfering elements in influenza A virus preparations by von Magnus [74–76,78] and for many years were named after him. The term DI virus was used when it became clear that these mutants were not confined to influenza virus but comprised a unique class of defective virus with an almost universal distribution, and were redefined by Huang and Baltimore [59]. Interest in DI viruses reached a peak in the 1970s but then waned due to an over-extravagant expectation of their in vivo antiviral activity which was not forthcoming at that time. Now understanding has improved and it is possible to take a more optimistic view of the clinical potential of DI genomes, particularly in a prophylactic context. Recently, Baltimore [4] has advocated the use of ‘intracellular immunization’ as an antiviral approach applied to whole organisms, meaning the introduction into the cell of molecules, such as anti-sense RNAs or antibodies, with antiviral activity. Some, but not all, DI genomes fall into this category and these molecules are being analysed to determine the relationship between sequence and activity. Hopefully these can be engineered to improve that activity. This chapter is concerned with the transient resistance to experimental influenza in mice which is invoked by treatment with DI influenza viruses. It is thought that this has clinical potential in preventing influenza virus infection of humans, horses and poultry, all of which are naturally susceptible. Beyond this we look to the constitutive expression of DI RNA as a transgene in order to confer resistance to specific virus diseases.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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期刊：
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影响因子：
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