Effects of voluntary alcohol intake on risk preference and behavioral flexibility during rat adolescence.
Effects of voluntary alcohol intake on risk preference and behavioral flexibility during rat adolescence.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0100697
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Roitman JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McMurray MS;Amodeo LR;Roitman JD
酒精使用在青春期很常见，大部分摄入发生在暴饮暴食期间。这种饮酒模式与神经认知发展的关键时期相吻合，可能会影响决策和奖励过程。先前的研究已经证明了青少年使用后成年人决策的变化，但这些变化是否存在于青春期，或者潜伏到成年期，还有待观察。在这里，使用青少年自愿酗酒的翻译模型，我们评估了酒精摄入量对青少年风险偏好和行为灵活性的影响。在青春期（出生后第30-50天），在黑暗周期开始时，给予大鼠1小时10%乙醇明胶混合物（EtOH）或卡路里当量明胶（对照）。根据摄入水平，将EtOH消耗大鼠分为高消耗者或低消耗者。青春期大鼠每天进行一次行为测试，其中一组执行风险偏好任务，第二组在20天的明胶访问期间执行反向学习任务。与对照组大鼠相比，EtOH-高组大鼠显示出风险偏好增加，但EtOH-低组动物则没有。然而，青春期大鼠在匹配其行为以优化结果方面做得很差，这表明青少年可能会采取反应偏差。此外，青少年乙醇暴露不会影响动物在逆转学习过程中灵活适应行为以改变奖励偶然性的能力。这些数据支持这样的观点，即青少年饮酒可以有短期的有害影响，冒险在青春期检查时，这似乎并不归因于无法灵活地编码奖励突发事件的行为反应。
Alcohol use is common in adolescence, with a large portion of intake occurring during episodes of binging. This pattern of alcohol consumption coincides with a critical period for neurocognitive development and may impact decision-making and reward processing. Prior studies have demonstrated alterations in adult decision-making following adolescent usage, but it remains to be seen if these alterations exist in adolescence, or are latent until adulthood. Here, using a translational model of voluntary binge alcohol consumption in adolescents, we assess the impact of alcohol intake on risk preference and behavioral flexibility during adolescence. During adolescence (postnatal day 30–50), rats were given 1-hour access to either a 10% alcohol gelatin mixture (EtOH) or a calorie equivalent gelatin (Control) at the onset of the dark cycle. EtOH consuming rats were classified as either High or Low consumers based on intake levels. Adolescent rats underwent behavioral testing once a day, with one group performing a risk preference task, and a second group performing a reversal-learning task during the 20-day period of gelatin access. EtOH-High rats showed increases in risk preference compared to Control rats, but not EtOH-Low animals. However, adolescent rats did a poor job of matching their behavior to optimize outcomes, suggesting that adolescents may adopt a response bias. In addition, adolescent ethanol exposure did not affect the animals' ability to flexibly adapt behavior to changing reward contingencies during reversal learning. These data support the view that adolescent alcohol consumption can have short-term detrimental effects on risk-taking when examined during adolescence, which does not seem to be attributable to an inability to flexibly encode reward contingencies on behavioral responses.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Clark, Jeremy J.;Nasrallah, Nicholas A.;Phillips, Paul E. M.
通讯作者：
Phillips, Paul E. M.
DOI：
10.1016/j.pbb.2011.07.017
发表时间：
2011-11
期刊：
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bell RL;Rodd ZA;Smith RJ;Toalston JE;Franklin KM;McBride WJ
通讯作者：
McBride WJ
影响因子：
2
作者：
Binakonsky J;Giga N;Ross C;Siegel M
通讯作者：
Siegel M
青少年暴饮暴食改变了小鼠的成人脑神经递质的表达，行为，大脑区域体积和神经化学。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.2010.01385.x
发表时间：
2011-04
期刊：
Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research
影响因子：
--
作者：
Coleman LG Jr;He J;Lee J;Styner M;Crews FT
通讯作者：
Crews FT
影响因子：
6.6
作者：
Casey, B. J.;Getz, Sarah;Galvan, Adriana
通讯作者：
Galvan, Adriana