Polydrug use and its association with drug treatment outcomes among primary heroin, methamphetamine, and cocaine users.

Polydrug use and its association with drug treatment outcomes among primary heroin, methamphetamine, and cocaine users.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.drugpo.2017.07.009
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发表时间:
2017-11
期刊:
The International journal on drug policy
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Nosyk B
Nosyk B
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wang L;Min JE;Krebs E;Evans E;Huang D;Liu L;Hser YI;Nosyk B

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多种药物的使用可能会对药物使用障碍的有效治疗提出挑战。我们评估是否次要物质的使用修改治疗和主要药物使用之间的关联主要海洛因,可卡因和甲基苯丙胺(MA)用户。数据来自于对美国加州非法药物使用者(PWUD)的前瞻性队列研究。使用自我报告的次要物质使用的重复月度数据(海洛因、可卡因、MA、酒精或大麻;每月≥1天),主要药物使用(一个月内≥1天),以及通过时间轴随访收集的治疗参与情况,我们拟合了控制潜在混杂因素的广义线性混合多元回归模型,以检查治疗和次要物质使用之间的相互作用对主要海洛因的几率,可卡因和MA的使用。我们的研究包括587名主要海洛因,444名主要MA和501名主要可卡因使用者,中位随访时间分别为32.4,13.3和18.9年。在无继发性药物使用的情况下,治疗与海洛因、MA和可卡因使用者的原发性药物使用的比值比降低密切相关(调整后的比值比(aOR):0.25,95% CI:0.24,0.27,0.07(0.06,0.08)和0.07(0.07,0.09))。任何种类的次要物质使用都会调节这些相关性(分别为0.82(0.78,0.87),0.25(0.21,0.30)和0.53(0.45,0.61)),并且这些发现对于所考虑的每种次要物质都是一致的。此外,我们还观察到,在停止治疗期间,不同物质类型的次要物质使用和主要药物使用之间在方向和程度方面存在不同的关联。这项研究表明,次要物质的使用缓和治疗和主要药物使用之间的时间关联的主要海洛因,MA和可卡因用户。多种药物使用的不同模式需要仔细衡量和分析,以便为多种药物使用者提供有针对性的治疗。
Polydrug use may challenge effective treatment for substance use disorders. We evaluate whether secondary substance use modifies the association between treatment and primary drug use among primary heroin, cocaine and methamphetamine (MA) users. Data were obtained from prospective cohort studies on people who use illicit drugs (PWUD) in California, USA. Using repeated monthly data on self-reported secondary substance use (heroin, cocaine, MA, alcohol or marijuana; ≥1 day in a month), primary drug use (≥1 day in a month), and treatment participation, collected via timeline follow-back, we fitted generalized linear mixed multiple regression models controlling for potential confounders to examine the interactions between treatment and secondary substance use on the odds of primary heroin, cocaine and MA use, respectively. Included in our study were 587 primary heroin, 444 primary MA, and 501 primary cocaine users, with a median of 32.4, 13.3 and 18.9 years of follow-up, respectively. In the absence of secondary substance use, treatment was strongly associated with decreased odds of primary drug use (adjusted odds ratios (aORs): 0.25, 95% CI: 0.24, 0.27, 0.07 (0.06, 0.08), and 0.07 (0.07, 0.09)) for primary heroin, MA, and cocaine users, respectively. Secondary substance use of any kind moderated these associations (0.82 (0.78, 0.87), 0.25 (0.21, 0.30) and 0.53 (0.45, 0.61), respectively), and these findings were consistent for each type of secondary substance considered. Moreover, we observed different associations in terms of direction and magnitude between secondary substance use and primary drug use during off-treatment periods across substance types. This study demonstrates secondary substance use moderates the temporal associations between treatment and primary drug use among primary heroin, MA and cocaine users. Disparate patterns of polydrug use require careful measurement and analysis to inform targeted treatment for polydrug users.
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