Mortality among pesticide applicators exposed to chlorpyrifos in the Agricultural Health Study.
Mortality among pesticide applicators exposed to chlorpyrifos in the Agricultural Health Study.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.9662
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发表时间：
2007-04
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Sandler DP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lee WJ;Alavanja MC;Hoppin JA;Rusiecki JA;Kamel F;Blair A;Sandler DP
毒死蜱是美国使用最广泛的有机磷杀虫剂之一。虽然毒死蜱的毒性已在动物身上进行了广泛的研究，但流行病学数据有限。为了评估农业中接触毒死蜱是否与死亡率有关，我们在农业健康研究中检查了农药施用者的死亡情况，这是一项对爱荷华州和北卡罗来纳州有执照的农药施用者进行的前瞻性研究。这项分析共包括55,071名农药施用者。详细的农药暴露数据和其他信息是从登记时(1993-1997年)填写的自我管理问卷中获得的。毒死蜱的终生使用量被分为三种。在调整潜在混杂因素后，使用泊松回归分析评估毒死蜱使用与死因之间的暴露-反应关系。在1993-2001年的研究期间，共观察到1,851人死亡(588人死于使用毒死磷的人)。接触毒死蜱的涂药者全死因死亡的相对危险度(RR)略低于非接触者(RR=0.90；95%可信区间0.81~1.01)。在分析的大多数死因中，没有证据表明接触-反应关系。然而，自杀和非机动车事故死亡的相对风险在最高类别的毒死蜱暴露天数中增加了两倍。我们发现毒死蜱的使用与外部死因之间可能存在关联，这一发现基于较小的数字。然而，这些发现可能反映了毒死蜱与抑郁或其他神经行为症状之间的联系，值得进一步评估。
Chlorpyrifos is one of the most widely used organophosphate insecticides in the United States. Although the toxicity of chlorpyrifos has been extensively studied in animals, the epidemiologic data are limited. To evaluate whether agricultural chlorpyrifos exposure was associated with mortality, we examined deaths among pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study, a prospective study of licensed pesticide applicators in Iowa and North Carolina. A total of 55,071 pesticide applicators were included in this analysis. Detailed pesticide exposure data and other information were obtained from self-administered questionnaires completed at the time of enrollment (1993–1997). Lifetime chlorpyrifos use was divided into tertiles. Poisson regression analysis was used to evaluate the exposure–response relationships between chlorpyrifos use and causes of death after adjustment for potential confounders. A total of 1,851 deaths (588 among chlorpyrifos users) were observed during the study period, 1993–2001. The relative risk (RR) of death from all causes combined among applicators exposed to chlorpyrifos was slightly lower than that for nonexposed applicators (RR = 0.90; 95% confidence interval, 0.81–1.01). For most causes of death analyzed, there was no evidence of an exposure–response relationship. However, the relative risks for mortality from suicide and non-motor-vehicle accidents were increased 2-fold in the highest category of chlorpyrifos exposure days. Our findings of a possible association between chlorpyrifos use and external causes of death were based on small numbers. However, the findings may reflect a link between chlorpyrifos and depression or other neurobehavioral symptoms that deserves further evaluation.
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DOI：
10.1097/01.jom.0000235938.70212.dd
发表时间：
2006-10-01
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Beseler, Cheryl;Stallones, Lorann;Kamel, Freya
通讯作者：
Kamel, Freya
影响因子：
10.5
作者：
Cheng, ATA;Chen, THH;Jenkins, R
通讯作者：
Jenkins, R
影响因子：
5.6
作者：
Blair, A;Sandler, DP;Alavanja, MCR
通讯作者：
Alavanja, MCR
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Atrubin, D;Wilkins, JR;Bean, TL
通讯作者：
Bean, TL
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Gordon, CJ;Padnos, BK
通讯作者：
Padnos, BK