The role of social isolation in opioid addiction.

The role of social isolation in opioid addiction.
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社会隔离在阿片类药物成瘾中的作用。

DOI:
10.1093/scan/nsab029
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发表时间:
2021-07-06
影响因子:
4.2
通讯作者:
Christie NC
Christie NC
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Christie NC

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人类是群居动物:社会孤立会伤害人们的心理和身体。与孤立的同龄人相比,牢固、积极的社会关系有助于人们活得更长、更健康。阿片类药物使用障碍与社会孤立感、自杀风险增加以及社区层面的社会资本降低有关。我提出一种心理生物学机制解释,有助于阿片类药物使用与社会孤立之间的联系。内源性阿片系统在整个生命周期的社会纽带的形成和维持中起着核心作用,主要通过社会依恋的脑阿片理论框架进行研究。在灵长类动物中,服用纳曲酮(一种阿片类拮抗剂)会损害母子关系和社交游戏,而在人类中,长期使用阿片类药物似乎对亲密关系(相对于其他药物)具有特别的腐蚀性。社会孤立可能在阿片类药物使用障碍的发展和加剧中发挥作用。综上所述,对大脑阿片类药物系统的研究表明,社会孤立和阿片类药物使用障碍之间可能存在双向因果关系的机制基础。对这一假设的评估将受益于纵向的社会心理和神经心理药理学研究。
Humans are social animals: social isolation hurts people both psychologically and physically. Strong, positive social bonds help people to live longer and healthier lives compared with their more isolated peers. Opioid use disorder is associated with feelings of social isolation, an increased risk of suicide and, at the community level, lower social capital. I propose a psychobiological mechanistic explanation that contributes to the association between opioid use and social isolation. The endogenous opioid system plays a central role in the formation and maintenance of social bonds across the life span and has been investigated primarily through the framework of the brain opioid theory of social attachment. In primates, maternal-infant bonding and social play are both impaired by the administration of naltrexone (an opioid antagonist), and in humans, the chronic use of opioids appears to be particularly (relative to other drugs) corrosive to close relationships. Social isolation may play a role in the development and exacerbation of opioid use disorder. Taken together, work on the brain’s opioid system suggests a possible mechanistic basis for bidirectional causal links between social isolation and opioid use disorder. Evaluation of this hypothesis would benefit from longitudinal psychosocial and neuropsychopharmacological investigations.
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影响因子: 4.2
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