Monitoring training status with HR measures: do all roads lead to Rome?
Monitoring training status with HR measures: do all roads lead to Rome?
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DOI：
10.3389/fphys.2014.00073
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Buchheit M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Buchheit M
静息、运动和恢复心率的测量对于监测疲劳、健身和耐力表现响应正受到越来越多的关注，这对调整训练负荷具有直接影响（1）每天在特定训练块期间和（2）整个竞争赛季。然而，这些措施仍然没有被广泛实施，以监测运动员对训练负荷的反应，可能是因为在文献中的明显矛盾的结果。在这篇综述中，我认为大多数矛盾的发现与方法的不一致和/或对数据的误解有关，而不是与心率测量的局限性有关，无法准确地了解训练状态。我还提供证据表明，从5分钟（几乎每天）记录的休息（指数捕捉心跳到心跳的变化，反映心脏副交感神经活动）和次极量运动（平均30至60秒）心率可能是最有用的监测工具。为了在个体水平上进行适当的解释，应通过考虑测量误差和测量的最小重要变化以及训练背景（训练阶段，负荷和强度分布）来解释给定测量的变化。使用给定测量的决定应基于运动员所需的信息水平、标记对训练状态变化的敏感性以及测量所需的实际约束。然而，心率的测量不能提供健康，疲劳和性能的所有方面的信息，因此将其与日常训练日志，心理测量问卷和非侵入性，成本效益高的性能测试（如反向运动跳跃）结合使用，可以提供一个完整的解决方案来监测参加有氧运动的运动员的训练状态。
Measures of resting, exercise, and recovery heart rate are receiving increasing interest for monitoring fatigue, fitness and endurance performance responses, which has direct implications for adjusting training load (1) daily during specific training blocks and (2) throughout the competitive season. However, these measures are still not widely implemented to monitor athletes' responses to training load, probably because of apparent contradictory findings in the literature. In this review I contend that most of the contradictory findings are related to methodological inconsistencies and/or misinterpretation of the data rather than to limitations of heart rate measures to accurately inform on training status. I also provide evidence that measures derived from 5-min (almost daily) recordings of resting (indices capturing beat-to-beat changes in heart rate, reflecting cardiac parasympathetic activity) and submaximal exercise (30- to 60-s average) heart rate are likely the most useful monitoring tools. For appropriate interpretation at the individual level, changes in a given measure should be interpreted by taking into account the error of measurement and the smallest important change of the measure, as well as the training context (training phase, load, and intensity distribution). The decision to use a given measure should be based upon the level of information that is required by the athlete, the marker's sensitivity to changes in training status and the practical constrains required for the measurements. However, measures of heart rate cannot inform on all aspects of wellness, fatigue, and performance, so their use in combination with daily training logs, psychometric questionnaires and non-invasive, cost-effective performance tests such as a countermovement jump may offer a complete solution to monitor training status in athletes participating in aerobic-oriented sports.
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DOI：
10.1152/ajpheart.00767.2004
发表时间：
2005-02-01
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Blain, G;Meste, O;Bermon, S
通讯作者：
Bermon, S
影响因子：
3
作者：
Borresen, Jill;Lambert, Michael I.
通讯作者：
Lambert, Michael I.
影响因子：
4
作者：
Billman GE
通讯作者：
Billman GE
影响因子：
3
作者：
BANISTER, EW;HAMILTON, CL
通讯作者：
HAMILTON, CL
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Brink, Michel S.;Visscher, Chris;Lemmink, Koen A. P. M.
通讯作者：
Lemmink, Koen A. P. M.