Contested, violated but persistent: presidential term limits in Latin America and sub-saharan Africa

Contested, violated but persistent: presidential term limits in Latin America and sub-saharan Africa
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有争议、违反但持续存在:拉丁美洲和撒哈拉以南非洲的总统任期限制

DOI:
10.1080/13510347.2021.1997991
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
3.2
通讯作者:
Mariana Llanos (eds.)
Mariana Llanos (eds.)
中科院分区:
法学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Charlotte ;Mariana Llanos (eds.)

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总统任期限制是第三波民主化的一个关键制度特征。它们旨在通过促进职位的交替和防止权力的个人化来维护民主。然而,自1990年代以来,任期限制经常受到现任者的质疑。这一过程通常被认为是自治化的标志,因为它涉及削弱其他宪法约束,如法院和立法机构。拉丁美洲和撒哈拉以南非洲是这些趋势的焦点,尽管它们有不同的总统制历史和不同类型的任期限制规则。利率期限管制引起了具有全球视角以及区域或国家视角的学者的关注。在这篇文章中,我们认为,汇集拉丁美洲和撒哈拉以南非洲地区的奖学金可以产生新的经验和理论见解。我们进一步提出我们的研究结果,制度化,优先权,在职人员为中心的战略和方法,以保护总统任期限制。我们还表明,尽管频繁的改革,任期限制规则一直坚持到今天,在这两个地区的大多数宪法。
Presidential term limits have been a crucial institutional feature of the third wave of democratization. They are meant to safeguard democracy by promoting alternation in office and preventing the personalization of power. However, since the 1990s term limits have been subject to frequent contestation by incumbents. This process has often been considered a sign of autocratization because it involves the weakening of other constitutional constraints, such as courts and legislatures. Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa are focal points of these trends, despite their different histories of presidentialism and diverging types of term-limit rules. Term-limit contestations have attracted the attention of scholars working with a global perspective as well as with a regional or country-specific one too. In this article, we argue that bringing together the regional scholarship on Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa can generate new both empirical and theoretical insights. We further present our findings on institutionalization, the power of precedence, incumbent-centred strategies and approaches to protect presidential term limits. We also show that despite frequent reforms, term-limit rules have persisted until today in the majority of constitutions found in the two regions.
DOI: 10.1177/019251298019001002
发表时间: 1998-01-01
影响因子: 2.2
作者:
Linz, JJ
通讯作者: Linz, JJ
总统任期限制改革的顺序:拉丁美洲和撒哈拉以南非洲
DOI: 10.1080/13510347.2021.1980540
发表时间: 2022
期刊: Democratization
影响因子: 3.2
作者:
Charlotte ;Mariana Llanos
通讯作者: Mariana Llanos
重新审视权力制度化:非洲总统任期限制
DOI: 10.1177/000203971705200204
发表时间: 2017
期刊: Africa Spectrum
影响因子: 2
作者:
D. Tull;Claudia Simons
通讯作者: Claudia Simons
DOI: 10.1353/jod.2007.0053
发表时间: 2007
影响因子: 3.1
作者:
Daniel N. Posner;D. J. Young
通讯作者: D. J. Young
法律与政治
DOI: --
发表时间: 1996
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
David M. Beatty
通讯作者: David M. Beatty