Evolutionary Importance of Generative Polyploidy for Genome Evolution of Haploid-Dominant Land Plants

Evolutionary Importance of Generative Polyploidy for Genome Evolution of Haploid-Dominant Land Plants
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生成多倍体对单倍体优势陆地植物基因组进化的进化重要性

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发表时间:
2013
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影响因子:
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通讯作者:
D. Lang
D. Lang
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作者:
S. Rensing;A. K. Beike;D. Lang

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在这一章中,我们集中在单倍体优势植物,如苔藓植物,具有显性的单倍体配子体和减少的二倍体孢子体世代的多倍体的方面和影响。多倍化在这些生物的进化中扮演了什么角色?我们能在现存苔藓植物的基因组中找到古代和现代多倍化事件的证据吗?同源多倍体与异源多倍体的重要性是什么?苔藓植物基因组中的副染色体组,即副染色体组的基因组部分有多大?同源基因功能化的流行模式是什么?哪些基因的功能类被优先保留?我们得出的结论是,所建立的苔藓模型P.patens及其兄弟姐妹似乎是一种理想的模式,适合于通过多倍化和杂交来研究单倍体优势生物的基因组进化。此外,由于孢子体的形态差异广泛,从精细的F·hygrometrica到极大地减少的P.patens的形态,Funariaceae是研究基因-Phene进化的极好的模式。事实上,该家族之间的繁殖障碍很低,这也使得杂交和相关的遗传研究成为可能。
In this chapter, we focus on aspects and effects of polyploidization in haploid-dominant plants, like bryophytes, which have a dominant haploid gametophyte and a reduced diploid sporophytic generation. What role does polyploidization play in the evolution of these organisms? Can we find evidence of ancient and recent polyploidization events in the genomes of extant bryophytes? What is the importance of auto- versus allopolyploidy? What is the extent of the paranome, i.e. the genomic fraction of paralogs, within a bryophyte genome? What is the prevalent model for functionalization of paralogs and which kind of functional classes of genes have been retained preferentially? We come to the conclusion that the established moss model P. patens and its siblings appears as a model ideally suited to study genome evolution through polyploidization and hybridization in haploid-dominant organisms. Moreover, due to the extensive range of morphological differences of the sporophyte, ranging from the elaborate F. hygrometrica to the vastly reduced P. patens morphology, Funariaceae are an excellent model to study gene-phene evolution. The fact that there is a low breeding barrier among the family also enables crossing and associated genetic studies.
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发表时间: 2008-01-04
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