Evolution of Retroposons

Evolution of Retroposons
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逆转录子的进化

DOI:
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发表时间:
1993
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
M. Batzer
M. Batzer
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
P. Deininger;M. Batzer

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术语SINE最初被创造出来(Singer,1982),用来描述在许多真核生物基因组中发现的短散布元件(与LINE相反,长散布元件)。西内斯的定义仅依据其长度和重复性。我们现在可以将短重复的DNA元件分成许多类,包括逆转录子(Rogers,1983)、可变数目的串联重复或VNTR(中村等人,1987),以及性质尚不清楚的许多较小的序列家族(Jurka,1990; Kaplan等人,1991年)。这些子类中的每一个都有明显不同的特征;这里我们将只讨论逆转录酶。逆转录子代表散布的重复元件,其显然已经通过RNA中间体扩增(Jagadeeswaran et al.,1981)[综述于Rogers(1983,1985)和Weiner等(1986)],但不编码任何可能有助于扩增过程的蛋白质。从这个意义上说,逆转座子只是根据其较高的拷贝数与加工过的假基因区分开来。在这篇综述中,我们将互换使用术语西内斯和逆转录酶。
The term SINE was first coined (Singer, 1982) to describe the short interspersed elements (as opposed to the LINEs, long interspersed elements) that were found throughout many eukaryotic genomes. SINEs were defined only on the basis of their length and repetition. We can now separate the short repeated DNA elements into a number of classes, including the retroposons (Rogers, 1983), variable number of tandem repeats or VNTRs (Nakamura et al., 1987), and a number of smaller families of sequences whose nature is not yet understood (Jurka, 1990; Kaplan et al., 1991). Each of these subclasses has distinctly different characteristics; here we will discuss the retroposons only. The retroposons represent interspersed repeated elements that apparently have amplified via an RNA intermediate (Jagadeeswaran et al., 1981) [reviewed in Rogers (1983, 1985) and Weiner et al. (1986)], but do not code for any proteins that may aid the amplification process. In that sense, the retroposons are only differentiated from the processed pseudogenes based on their higher copy number. In this review, we will use the terms SINEs and retroposons interchangeably.
兔 DNA 中的短散布重复序列可以提供功能性聚腺苷酸化信号。
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