Air pollution and emergency room visits for asthma in Santa Clara County, California.
Air pollution and emergency room visits for asthma in Santa Clara County, California.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.97105216
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发表时间：
1997-02
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Ostro B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lipsett M;Hurley S;Ostro B
在1986-1987年至1991-1992年的冬季，北加州大部分地区的降雨量低于正常水平，导致空气污染的间歇性积累，其中大部分可归因于住宅木材燃烧（RWC）。这项调查考察了1988-1989年至1991-1992年冬季，加州圣克拉拉县的环境空气污染与哮喘急诊室就诊之间是否存在关系。从三家急症医院的急诊室（ER）记录中提取，汇编了每年冬季三个月期间哮喘和对照诊断（肠胃炎）的每日就诊记录。空气监测数据包括每日雾霾系数（COH）和每隔一天空气动力学直径等于或小于10微米的颗粒物（PM10, 24小时平均值），以及每小时二氧化氮和臭氧浓度。每日COH测量值用于预测PM10缺失天数的值，以建立完整的PM10时间序列。还获得了温度、降水和相对湿度的每日数据。在使用泊松回归的时间序列分析中，发现哮喘就诊与PM10之间存在一致的关系。当天的二氧化氮浓度也与哮喘急诊室就诊有关，而臭氧则无关。由于该数据集中PM10和最低温度之间存在显著的相互作用，因此PM10相关哮喘急诊就诊的相对风险（rr）估计值依赖于温度。60微克/立方米的PM10变化（2天滞后）对应于20华氏度时1.43 (95% CI = 1.18-1.69)，代表温度分布的低端，30华氏度时1.27 (95% CI = 1.13-1.42)， 41华氏度时1.11 (95% CI = 1.03-1.19)，观察到的最低温度的平均值。肠胃炎急诊室就诊与任何污染物变量均无显著相关性。一些敏感性分析，包括使用稳健回归和非参数方法拟合数据中的时间趋势和温度效应，支持了这些发现。这些结果表明，在PM10的主要来源之一是RWC的地区，冬季环境PM10与哮喘恶化之间存在关联。
During the winters of 1986-1987 through 1991-1992, rainfall throughout much of Northern California was subnormal, resulting in intermittent accumulation of air pollution, much of which was attributable to residential wood combustion (RWC). This investigation examined whether there was a relationship between ambient air pollution in Santa Clara County, California and emergency room visits for asthma during the winters of 1988-1989 through 1991-1992. Emergency room (ER) records from three acute-care hospitals were abstracted to compile daily visits for asthma and a control diagnosis (gastroenteritis) for 3-month periods during each winter. Air monitoring data included daily coefficient of haze (COH) and every-other-day particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter equal to or less than 10 microns (PM10, 24-hr average), as well as hourly nitrogen dioxide and ozone concentrations. Daily COH measurements were used to predict values for missing days of PM10 to develop a complete PM10 time series. Daily data were also obtained for temperature, precipitation, and relative humidity. In time-series analyses using Poisson regression, consistent relationships were found between ER visits for asthma and PM10. Same-day nitrogen dioxide concentrations were also associated with asthma ER visits, while ozone was not. Because there was a significant interaction between PM10 and minimum temperature in this data set, estimates of relative risks (RRs) for PM10-associated asthma ER visits were temperature-dependent. A 60 micrograms/m3 change in PM10 (2-day lag) corresponded to RRs of 1.43 (95% CI = 1.18-1.69) at 20 degrees F, representing the low end of the temperature distribution, 1.27 (95% CI = 1.13-1.42) at 30 degrees F, and 1.11 (95% CI = 1.03-1.19) at 41 degrees F, the mean of the observed minimum temperature. ER visits for gastroenteritis were not significantly associated with any pollutant variable. Several sensitivity analyses, including the use of robust regressions and of nonparametric methods for fitting time trends and temperature effects in the data, supported these findings. These results demonstrate an association between ambient wintertime PM10 and exacerbations of asthma in an area where one of the principal sources of PM10 is RWC.
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影响因子：
20.8
作者：
DOCKERY, DW;POPE, CA
通讯作者：
POPE, CA
DOI：
10.1164/ajrccm/144.3_pt_1.668
发表时间：
1991-09-01
期刊：
AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE
影响因子：
--
作者：
POPE, CA;DOCKERY, DW;RAIZENNE, ME
通讯作者：
RAIZENNE, ME
影响因子：
8.3
作者：
BURNETT, RT;DALES, RE;BROOK, J
通讯作者：
BROOK, J
DOI：
10.1001/archpedi.1990.02150250117047
发表时间：
1990-01-01
影响因子：
--
作者：
MORRIS, K;MORGANLANDER, M;ARENA, VC
通讯作者：
ARENA, VC
影响因子：
10
作者：
CASTELLSAGUE, J;SUNYER, J;ANTO, JM
通讯作者：
ANTO, JM