Immunity and other defenses in pea aphids, Acyrthosiphon pisum.
Immunity and other defenses in pea aphids, Acyrthosiphon pisum.
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DOI：
10.1186/gb-2010-11-2-r21
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
12.3
通讯作者：
Vilcinskas A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gerardo NM;Altincicek B;Anselme C;Atamian H;Barribeau SM;de Vos M;Duncan EJ;Evans JD;Gabaldón T;Ghanim M;Heddi A;Kaloshian I;Latorre A;Moya A;Nakabachi A;Parker BJ;Pérez-Brocal V;Pignatelli M;Rahbé Y;Ramsey JS;Spragg CJ;Tamames J;Tamarit D;Tamborindeguy C;Vincent-Monegat C;Vilcinskas A
豌豆蚜虫Acyrthosiphon pisum的基因组缺乏被认为在其他昆虫中对识别，信号和杀死微生物至关重要的基因。最近的节肢动物防御机制的基因组分析表明，保护的关键要素的病原体，寄生虫和压力的反应。病原体诱导的免疫反应的中心是由真菌、细菌和病毒特征识别触发的信号传导途径。这些途径导致反应分子的产生，如抗微生物肽和溶菌酶，其降解或破坏入侵者。使用最近测序的豌豆蚜虫（Acyrthosiphon pisum）的基因组，我们进行了第一次广泛的注释的免疫和压力基因库的半翅目昆虫，这是遗传学上的远亲先前表征的昆虫模型。引人注目的是，豌豆蚜虫似乎缺失了昆虫基因组中存在的基因，这些基因迄今为止被认为对识别，信号和杀死微生物至关重要。与基因注释的结果一致，旨在通过从免疫挑战的豌豆蚜虫中分离RNA转录物和蛋白质来表征免疫应答的实验分析发现了很少的免疫相关产物。然而，基因表达研究表明，一些免疫和压力相关基因的表达。昆虫免疫反应所必需的基因的缺失表明，昆虫免疫的传统观点可能并不像人们曾经认为的那样广泛适用。蚜虫免疫系统的局限性可能代表了广泛的昆虫，或者可能是蚜虫特异性的。我们认为，蚜虫生活方式的几个方面，如它们与微生物共生体的联系，可以促进生存没有强大的免疫保护。
The genome of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum lacks genes thought to be crucial in other insects for recognition, signaling and killing of microbes. Recent genomic analyses of arthropod defense mechanisms suggest conservation of key elements underlying responses to pathogens, parasites and stresses. At the center of pathogen-induced immune responses are signaling pathways triggered by the recognition of fungal, bacterial and viral signatures. These pathways result in the production of response molecules, such as antimicrobial peptides and lysozymes, which degrade or destroy invaders. Using the recently sequenced genome of the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum), we conducted the first extensive annotation of the immune and stress gene repertoire of a hemipterous insect, which is phylogenetically distantly related to previously characterized insects models. Strikingly, pea aphids appear to be missing genes present in insect genomes characterized to date and thought critical for recognition, signaling and killing of microbes. In line with results of gene annotation, experimental analyses designed to characterize immune response through the isolation of RNA transcripts and proteins from immune-challenged pea aphids uncovered few immune-related products. Gene expression studies, however, indicated some expression of immune and stress-related genes. The absence of genes suspected to be essential for the insect immune response suggests that the traditional view of insect immunity may not be as broadly applicable as once thought. The limitations of the aphid immune system may be representative of a broad range of insects, or may be aphid specific. We suggest that several aspects of the aphid life style, such as their association with microbial symbionts, could facilitate survival without strong immune protection.
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影响因子：
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