A comprehensive review of auditory verbal hallucinations: lifetime prevalence, correlates and mechanisms in healthy and clinical individuals.
A comprehensive review of auditory verbal hallucinations: lifetime prevalence, correlates and mechanisms in healthy and clinical individuals.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2013.00367
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Barkus E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Leede-Smith S;Barkus E
多年来，听觉言语幻觉（AVH）的患病率在不同的环境中在整个生命周期中都有记录，并且具有一系列潜在的长期结果。最初的重点集中在AVH是否赋予精神病的风险。然而，最近的研究发现，与非临床人群相比，AVH患者的表现和结局存在显著差异。由于这个原因，有人认为幻听本身就是一个实体，并不一定是精神病连续体沿着的过渡。这篇综述将研究整个生命周期中幻听的表现，以及各种临床组。所描述的阶段包括儿童期、青春期、成人非临床人群、临睡前/临睡前经历、高度典型特征、精神分裂症、物质诱导的AVH、癫痫AVH和老年AVH。在儿童中，是否需要照顾取决于孩子是否将声音与消极的信念，评价和其他精神病症状联系起来。这一主题似乎会直接影响成年后健康的声音听众，其中声音的负面影响通常只存在于个人因声音而产生负面体验的情况下。这包括声音的特征，如负面内容，频率和情绪效价以及焦虑和抑郁，独立或由声音的存在引起。在非临床人群中维持AVH的机制似乎与精神病中AVH表现背后的机制不同。例如，患者群体中存在适应不良的应对策略是临床和非临床群体之间的一个显著差异，这与护理需求有关。这些机制是否开始相同，并有不同的轨迹尚未得到证明。未来的研究需要重点比较导致患者和非临床人群发生AVH的潜在因素和机制。
Over the years, the prevalence of auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) have been documented across the lifespan in varied contexts, and with a range of potential long-term outcomes. Initially the emphasis focused on whether AVHs conferred risk for psychosis. However, recent research has identified significant differences in the presentation and outcomes of AVH in patients compared to those in non-clinical populations. For this reason, it has been suggested that auditory hallucinations are an entity by themselves and not necessarily indicative of transition along the psychosis continuum. This review will examine the presentation of auditory hallucinations across the life span, as well as in various clinical groups. The stages described include childhood, adolescence, adult non-clinical populations, hypnagogic/hypnopompic experiences, high schizotypal traits, schizophrenia, substance induced AVH, AVH in epilepsy, and AVH in the elderly. In children, need for care depends upon whether the child associates the voice with negative beliefs, appraisals and other symptoms of psychosis. This theme appears to carry right through to healthy voice hearers in adulthood, in which a negative impact of the voice usually only exists if the individual has negative experiences as a result of their voice(s). This includes features of the voices such as the negative content, frequency, and emotional valence as well as anxiety and depression, independently or caused by voices presence. It seems possible that the mechanisms which maintain AVH in non-clinical populations are different from those which are behind AVH presentations in psychotic illness. For example, the existence of maladaptive coping strategies in patient populations is one significant difference between clinical and non-clinical groups which is associated with a need for care. Whether or not these mechanisms start out the same and have differential trajectories is not yet evidenced. Future research needs to focus on the comparison of underlying factors and mechanisms that lead to the onset of AVH in both patient and non-clinical populations.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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期刊：
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