Follow-Up of Elevated Blood Lead Levels and Sources in a Cohort of Children in Benin.
Follow-Up of Elevated Blood Lead Levels and Sources in a Cohort of Children in Benin.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph17228689
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发表时间：
2020-11-23
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bodeau-Livinec F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ahmadi S;Le Bot B;Zoumenou R;Durand S;Fiévet N;Ayotte P;Massougbodji A;Alao MJ;Cot M;Glorennec P;Bodeau-Livinec F
铅暴露与儿童认知发育不良有关。在撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA），很少有研究研究儿童的血铅水平（BLL）和非汽油暴露源。贝宁一个出生队列的数据（2011-2013年）表明，58%的1岁儿童的血铅浓度> 50微克/升。我们的目的是调查2016-2018年425名6岁儿童中BLL升高（>50 µg/L和>100 µg /L）的患病率，并比较1岁和6岁之间的BLL，并研究6岁时的铅来源。通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法分析BLL。多元线性回归和分位数回归被用来研究铅的潜在来源。6岁时儿童BLL> 50 µg/L的患病率为59.5%（几何平均值（GM）56.4 µg/L，95% CI：54.1-58.7），1岁时为54.8%（GM 56.5 µg/L，95% CI：53.4-59.6）。BLL> 100 µg/L的儿童患病率从1岁时的14.4%降至6岁时的8.2%。在调整所有其他协变量后，与不食用花生相比，每月食用一次以上的花生与6岁时BLL增加22.0%（95%CI：4.6，42.5）显著相关。6岁时被铅子弹杀死的动物肉的消费与BLL的较高数量的增加有关（P75），而不存在这种来源。与BLL相关的铅的其他潜在来源与边际意义的大米消费，父亲的职业暴露，并与铅的潜在使用活动的存在。这一前瞻性队列研究证实，贝宁南部农村地区儿童的血铅水平升高的患病率一直很高，而且存在多种持续的铅源。这些结果强调了预防计划的必要性，以减少和消除儿童的铅暴露。
Lead exposure is associated with poor cognitive development in children. Very few studies in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have studied blood lead levels (BLLs) and non-gasoline sources of exposure in children. Data from a birth cohort in Benin (2011–2013) suggested that 58% of 1-year-old children had BLLs > 50 ug/L. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of elevated BLLs (>50 µg/L and >100 µg /L) among 425 of these children at 6 years of age in 2016–2018 and to compare BLLs between age 1 and 6 years, and study sources of lead at age 6 years. BLLs were analysed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Multiple linear regression and quantile regressions were used to study potential sources of lead. The prevalence of BLLs > 50 µg/L in children was 59.5% (Geometric Mean (GM) 56.4 µg/L, 95% CI: 54.1–58.7) at 6 years of age compared to 54.8% (GM 56.5 µg/L, 95% CI: 53.4–59.6) at 1 year of age. The prevalence of children with BLLs > 100 µg/L decreased from 14.4% at 1 year of age to 8.2% at 6 years of age. After adjustment for all other covariates, consumption of peanuts more than once per month was significantly associated with a 22.0% (95% CI: 4.6, 42.5) increment in BLLs at age 6 years compared with no consumption. Consumption of bushmeat killed by lead bullets at age 6 years was associated with an increase in the higher percentiles of BLLs (P75) compared with the absence of this source. Other potential sources of lead associated with BLLs with marginal significance were consumption of rice, paternal occupational exposure, and the presence of activity with the potential use of lead. This prospective cohort confirms the persistently high prevalence of elevated BLLs in children residing in a rural region in the south of Benin, as well as the presence of multiple and continuous sources of lead. These results highlight the need for prevention programs to reduce and eliminate lead exposure in children.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph14040413
发表时间：
2017-04-13
影响因子：
--
作者：
Fatmi Z;Sahito A;Ikegami A;Mizuno A;Cui X;Mise N;Takagi M;Kobayashi Y;Kayama F
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
6.5
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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Lanphear, BP
DOI：
10.1016/j.ijheh.2013.10.002
发表时间：
2014-04-01
影响因子：
6
作者：
Etchevers, Anne;Bretin, Philippe;Le Tertre, Alain
通讯作者：
Le Tertre, Alain
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