Spatial and elevational variation in fruiting phenology of a deciduous oak (Quercus crispula) and its effect on foraging behavior of the Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus)
Spatial and elevational variation in fruiting phenology of a deciduous oak (Quercus crispula) and its effect on foraging behavior of the Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus)
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落叶橡树（Quercus Crisula）结果物候的空间和海拔变化及其对亚洲黑熊（Ursus thibetanus）觅食行为的影响
DOI：
10.1007/s11284-011-0919-z
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
K.Kaji
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A.Nakajima;S.Koike;T.Masaki;T.Shimada;C.Kozakai;Y.Nemoto;K.Yamazaki;K.Kaji
在具有海拔梯度的栖息地中，单一关键食物资源的结果物候差异可能会影响动物的摄食行为。本研究的目的是评估（1）皱皮栎橡子的结实物候和特征是否随海拔（海拔900- 1，400 m）和面积的变化而变化;（2）熊何时觅食橡子与其物候发育的关系;（3）熊在哪里从事橡子觅食行为与橡子物候有关。在不同海拔和地点的橡子结果物候没有差异，除了颜色和开花期的变化。樟木县海拔1,200 m和群马县海拔1,400 m的地区橡子的分解期较晚，这使得这两个地区橡子在树冠层中的有效能量（AET）更大，可利用的时间更长。9月下旬至10月中旬，在中高海拔地区观察到熊觅食橡子。由于橡子的大小和营养价值不断增加，无法确定橡子适合熊觅食的阈值日期。觅食活动的熊在中等和高海拔的网站对应的位置，AET可在更大的金额和更长的时间为一些网站，但是，小样本量排除了准确的评估。
In habitats with elevational gradients, differences in the fruiting phenology of a single key food resource may affect the feeding behavior of an animal. The objectives of the present study were to assess (1) whether or not fruiting phenology and characteristics ofQuercus crispulaacorns differed with changes in altitude (900–1,400 m asl) and area; (2) when bears foraged acorns in relation to their phenological development; and (3) where bears engaged in acorn foraging behavior with respect to acorn phenology. No difference in the fruiting phenology of acorns at various altitudes and locations was found, with the exception of changes in color and abscission period. Acorn abscission period occurred later at a site with an elevation of 1,200 m in Tochigi and at another with an elevation of 1,400 m in Gunma, making the available energy of acorns in the tree canopy (AET) greater and available for a longer time period at those two sites. Foraging of acorns by bears was observed at sites of moderate to high altitude between late September and mid-October. A threshold date when acorns became suitable for foraging by bears could not be identified, as the size and nutritional value of acorns increased continuously. Foraging activity of bears observed at moderate and high altitude sites corresponded with locations where AET was available in greater amounts and for a longer period of time for some sites; however, the small sample size precluded accurate assessment.
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影响因子：
2.3
作者：
GARSHELIS, DL;PELTON, MR
通讯作者：
PELTON, MR
日光栎树种群繁殖过程的一些分析：一、三个自然林地多年橡子传播和育苗记录
影响因子：
--
作者：
Y. Kanazawa
通讯作者：
Y. Kanazawa
温带森林中山茱萸种子传播的时空格局
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
T. Masaki;Y. Kominami;T. Nakashizuka
通讯作者：
T. Nakashizuka
玻利维亚阿波洛班巴山脉安第斯熊（Tremarctos ornatus）的活动模式和时间预算
影响因子：
2
作者：
S. Paisley;D. Garshelis
通讯作者：
D. Garshelis
影响因子：
1
作者：
Arimoto, Isao;Goto, Yusuke;Furubayashi, Kengo
通讯作者：
Furubayashi, Kengo