Understanding the transgression of global and regional freshwater planetary boundaries
Understanding the transgression of global and regional freshwater planetary boundaries
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DOI：
10.1098/rsta.2021.0294
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发表时间：
2022-10-24
期刊：
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Kabat, P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pastor, A. V.;Biemans, H.;Franssen, W.;Gerten, D.;Hoff, H.;Ludwig, F.;Kabat, P.
关键词：
由于密集的淡水抽取，淡水生态系统已经退化。因此，已经提出了环境流量要求（EFR）方法来维持健康的河流和/或恢复河流流量。在本研究中，我们使用可变月流量（VMF）方法来计算淡水行星边界的侵入：（1）由于气候变化而导致流量不满足 EFR 的自然赤字，以及（2）因取水而导致的人为赤字。新颖之处在于，我们按河流类型计算了空间和累积的每月水亏缺，包括环境流量 (EF) 亏缺的频率、幅度和原因（气候和/或人为）。研究发现，缺水是一个地区性问题，而非全球性问题（占总排放量的 5% 以下）。结果表明，从 1960 年到 2000 年，流量变化较小的常年河流（例如亚马逊河）的 EF 赤字占总流量的 2% 至 12%，而气候赤字占总赤字的比例高达 75%。在印度河等季节性强、取水量大的河流中，总赤字占总流量的 130%，其中 85% 是由于取水造成的。我们强调需要为人类和生态系统可持续地分配水。本文是英国皇家学会 Science+ 会议问题“人类世的干旱风险”的一部分。
Freshwater ecosystems have been degraded due to intensive freshwater abstraction. Therefore, environmental flow requirements (EFRs) methods have been proposed to maintain healthy rivers and/or restore river flows. In this study, we used the Variable Monthly Flow (VMF) method to calculate the transgression of freshwater planetary boundaries: (1) natural deficits in which flow does not meet EFRs due to climate variability, and (2) anthropogenic deficits caused by water abstractions. The novelty is that we calculated spatially and cumulative monthly water deficits by river types including the frequency, magnitude and causes of environmental flow (EF) deficits (climatic and/or anthropogenic). Water deficit was found to be a regional rather than a global concern (less than 5% of total discharge). The results show that, from 1960 to 2000, perennial rivers with low flow alteration, such as the Amazon, had an EF deficit of 2–12% of the total discharge, and that the climate deficit was responsible for up to 75% of the total deficit. In rivers with high seasonality and high water abstractions such as the Indus, the total deficit represents up to 130% of its total discharge, 85% of which is due to withdrawals. We highlight the need to allocate water to humans and ecosystems sustainably. This article is part of the Royal Society Science+ meeting issue ‘Drought risk in the Anthropocene’.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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影响因子：
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