Reactivation of human polyomaviruses in immunocompromised states.
Reactivation of human polyomaviruses in immunocompromised states.
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DOI：
10.1007/s13365-014-0234-x
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发表时间：
2014-02
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Chang S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wiedinger K;Bitsaktsis C;Chang S
各种人类多瘤病毒（HPyV）的感染很普遍，在一般人群中的感染率高达80%。原发性感染发生在儿童时期，通过呼吸道或经口尿液传播。虽然大多数个体表现出无症状的潜伏感染，但这些免疫功能低下的人存在病毒再激活和疾病进展的风险，导致诸如进行性多灶性白质脑病（PML）、棘状神经发育不良、默克尔细胞癌和多瘤病毒相关肾病的病症。由于艾滋病毒、器官移植、淋巴组织增生性疾病和单克隆抗体治疗而导致免疫系统改变的个体特别容易受到各种HPyV重新激活的影响。虽然诱导裂解性感染的具体因素尚未确定，但很明显，功能失调的宿主细胞免疫应答允许发生活动性感染。免疫抑制条件，如慢性酒精滥用，可能是HPyV再激活的额外风险因素。由于人类HPyV家族正在迅速扩大，因此需要继续研究以表征已知和新发现的HPyV在人类疾病中发挥的作用。
Infection with various human polyomaviruses (HPyVs) is prevalent, with rates as high as 80% within the general population. Primary infection occurs during childhood through respiratory or urino-oral transmission. While the majority of individuals exhibit asymptomatic latent infection, those immunocompromised persons are at risk for viral reactivation and disease progression, resulting in conditions such as progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), trichodysplasia spinulosa, Merkel cell carcinoma, and polyomavirus associated nephropathy. Individuals with altered immune systems due to HIV, organ transplantation, lymphoproliferative diseases, and monoclonal antibody therapy are particularly susceptible to reactivation of vrarious HPyVs . While the specific factors that induce lytic infection have yet to be defined, it is evident that dysfunctional host cellular immune responses allow active infection to occur. Immunosuppressant conditions, such as in chronic alcohol abuse, may serve as added risk factors for reactivation of HPyVs. Since the human HPyV family is rapidly expanding, continuing studies are needed to characterize the role that known and newly discovered HPyVs play in human disease.
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影响因子：
6.2
作者：
Comoli, P;Azzi, A;Ginevri, F
通讯作者：
Ginevri, F
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Chapagain, Moti L.;Nerurkar, Vivek R.
通讯作者：
Nerurkar, Vivek R.
DOI：
10.1038/nrmicro2992
发表时间：
2013-04
期刊：
Nature reviews. Microbiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Berger, JR;Houff, S
通讯作者：
Houff, S
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
Chen, Yiping;Bord, Evelyn;Koralnik, Igor J.
通讯作者：
Koralnik, Igor J.