Dissecting a role for melanopsin in behavioural light aversion reveals a response independent of conventional photoreception.
Dissecting a role for melanopsin in behavioural light aversion reveals a response independent of conventional photoreception.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0015009
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发表时间：
2010-11-29
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Vugler AA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Semo M;Gias C;Ahmado A;Sugano E;Allen AE;Lawrence JM;Tomita H;Coffey PJ;Vugler AA
黑视蛋白光感受在对光的非图像形成响应的辐照度检测中起着至关重要的作用。然而，很少有人知道黑视蛋白的参与亮度的情绪处理。当面对光的梯度时，生物体表现出相对于这种刺激的空间运动。在啮齿类动物中，行为光厌恶（BLA）是一个有据可查，但了解甚少的现象，在此期间，动物属性的显着性，以轻，并删除自己从it.here，使用转基因小鼠和一个开放的领域的行为范例，我们调查的黑视素在BLA的作用。虽然野生型（WT）、黑视蛋白敲除（Opn 4 −/−）和rd/rd cl（仅黑视蛋白（MO））小鼠都表现出BLA，但我们的新方法揭示了孤立的黑视蛋白光感受产生对光的缓慢增强反应。为了控制BLA中瞳孔收缩的参与，我们通过局部应用阿托品消除了这一变量。这种操作增强了WT和MO小鼠的BLA，但最值得注意的是，揭示了三重敲除（TKO）小鼠的光厌恶，缺乏三种被认为对传统光感受至关重要的元素（Opn 4 −/− Gnat 1 −/− Cnga 3 −/−）。使用一些互补的策略，我们确定这种反应是在视网膜水平产生的。我们的发现对于理解黑视素信号如何调节小鼠和人类对光的厌恶反应具有重要意义。此外，我们还揭示了TKO小鼠对光感知的明显潜力。
Melanopsin photoreception plays a vital role in irradiance detection for non-image forming responses to light. However, little is known about the involvement of melanopsin in emotional processing of luminance. When confronted with a gradient in light, organisms exhibit spatial movements relative to this stimulus. In rodents, behavioural light aversion (BLA) is a well-documented but poorly understood phenomenon during which animals attribute salience to light and remove themselves from it. Here, using genetically modified mice and an open field behavioural paradigm, we investigate the role of melanopsin in BLA. While wildtype (WT), melanopsin knockout (Opn4−/−) and rd/rd cl (melanopsin only (MO)) mice all exhibit BLA, our novel methodology reveals that isolated melanopsin photoreception produces a slow, potentiating response to light. In order to control for the involvement of pupillary constriction in BLA we eliminated this variable with topical atropine application. This manipulation enhanced BLA in WT and MO mice, but most remarkably, revealed light aversion in triple knockout (TKO) mice, lacking three elements deemed essential for conventional photoreception (Opn4−/− Gnat1−/− Cnga3−/−). Using a number of complementary strategies, we determined this response to be generated at the level of the retina. Our findings have significant implications for the understanding of how melanopsin signalling may modulate aversive responses to light in mice and humans. In addition, we also reveal a clear potential for light perception in TKO mice.
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影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Barnard, AR;Appleford, JM;Lucas, RJ
通讯作者：
Lucas, RJ
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
Keller, Fred S.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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Hattar, Samer
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0808312105
发表时间：
2008-12-16
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Altimus, C. M.;Guler, A. D.;Hattar, S.
通讯作者：
Hattar, S.
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Dacey, DM;Liao, HW;Gamlin, PD
通讯作者：
Gamlin, PD