Safety and efficacy of neonatal vaccination.

Safety and efficacy of neonatal vaccination.
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DOI:
10.1002/eji.200838620
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发表时间:
2009-01
影响因子:
5.4
通讯作者:
Levy, Ofer
Levy, Ofer
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Demirjian, Alicia;Levy, Ofer

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新生儿的免疫系统不成熟,使他们面临感染的高风险,同时降低了对大多数疫苗的反应,从而对保护这一脆弱群体构成了挑战。然而,某些疫苗,如卡介苗(BCG)和乙肝疫苗(乙肝),在出生时确实表现出安全性和一些有效性,提供了某些抗原-佐剂组合能够引发保护性新生儿反应的原理证据。此外,分娩是全球医疗保健接触的一个主要点,这意味着有效的新生儿疫苗实现了高人口渗透率。鉴于出生时接种疫苗的潜在重大好处,获得范围更广的更有效的新生儿疫苗是一个未得到满足的医疗需求和公共卫生优先事项。本文综述了新生儿疫苗在人类中的安全性和有效性,以及采用新方法提高新生儿疫苗效力的最新研究。
Newborns have an immature immune system that renders them at high risk for infection while simultaneously reducing responses to most vaccines, thereby posing challenges in protecting this vulnerable population. Nevertheless, certain vaccines, such as Bacillus Calmette Guérin (BCG) and Hepatitis B vaccine (HBV), do demonstrate safety and some efficacy at birth, providing proof of principal that certain antigen-adjuvant combinations are able to elicit protective neonatal responses. Moreover, birth is a major point of healthcare contact globally meaning that effective neonatal vaccines achieve high population penetration. Given the potentially significant benefit of vaccinating at birth, availability of a broader range of more effective neonatal vaccines is an unmet medical need and a public health priority. This review focuses on safety and efficacy of neonatal vaccination in humans as well as recent research employing novel approaches to enhance the efficacy of neonatal vaccination.
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