Integrating Food Sensitive Planning and Urban Design into Urban Governance Actions
Integrating Food Sensitive Planning and Urban Design into Urban Governance Actions
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DOI：
10.1007/s12132-021-09417-9
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发表时间：
2021-04-29
期刊：
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Haysom G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haysom G
粮食的获取、稳定和利用是城市粮食安全的关键方面。当大多数人居住在农村地区，主要过着农业生活方式时，国家通过国家农业部管理粮食安全是有道理的，主要侧重于粮食安全的可得性方面。随着向城市占多数的世界过渡，加上城市地区目前面临的粮食安全挑战，特别是在非洲，这些历史性的政策和治理结构越来越不足以应对基本的粮食和营养需求。问题是，城市地区，特别是城市管理者，将没有资金的任务和缺乏权威作为不采取粮食和营养治理对策的理由。本文认为，这是一个错误的立场。根据家庭粮食安全和贫穷调查的最新数据，该文件呼吁在城市一级采取新的和扩大的规划和设计办法。本文认为，空间规划和城市设计的原则和行动提供了一个直接和有效的手段，通过参与城市食物系统的问题。重要的是，这些行动对于从目前零敲碎打的项目应对措施过渡到城市粮食系统不足至关重要。粮食敏感规划和城市设计是一种具体的方法，可以帮助规划城市规模的粮食系统相关的挑战，响应规划的概念，分析，组织和设计相关的方面，并在这样做提供一个长期的，系统的应对城市粮食不安全。
Food access, stability and utilisation are key dimensions of food security at an urban scale. When the majority resided in rural areas, and lived predominantly agrarian lifestyles, it made sense for the state to govern food security through national agricultural ministries, focusing predominantly on the availability dimension of food security. With the transition to a majority urban world, coupled with the food security challenges currently experienced in urban areas, specifically in Africa, these historical policy and governance structures are increasingly inadequate in responding to essential food and nutrition needs. Problematically, urban areas, and specifically urban managers, cite unfunded mandates, and absent authority, as the reasons for not engaging food and nutrition governance responses. This paper argues that this is a false position. Drawing on recent data from household food security and poverty surveys, the paper calls for new and expanded planning and design approaches at the urban scale. The paper argues that spatial planning and urban design principles and actions provide an immediate and effective means through which to engage urban food system questions. Importantly these actions are essential to the transition from the current piecemeal project responses to urban food system inadequacies. Food sensitive planning and urban design is offered as a specific approach that could assist in programming food system–related challenges at the urban scale, responding to conceptual, analytical, organisational and design related dimensions of planning, and in so doing offering a longer term, systematic response to urban food insecurity.
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