Incubation of cue-induced cigarette craving during abstinence in human smokers.

Incubation of cue-induced cigarette craving during abstinence in human smokers.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.07.014
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发表时间:
2011-04-01
影响因子:
10.6
通讯作者:
de Wit, Harriet
de Wit, Harriet
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bedi, Gillinder;Preston, Kenzie L.;Epstein, David H.;Heishman, Stephen J.;Marrone, Gina F.;Shaham, Yavin;de Wit, Harriet

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Abstinent drug users remain at risk for relapse long after withdrawal subsides. Animal studies indicate that responses to drug-related cues not only persist, but increase, with abstinence, a phenomenon termed “incubation of drug craving”. It is unknown if cue-induced craving increases, decreases, or remains constant with abstinence in humans. We investigated effects of abstinence on cue-induced craving in cigarette smokers. Eighty-six non-treatment-seeking, adult smokers (≥ 10 cigarettes daily) were paid to abstain for 7 (Group 1), 14 (Group 2), or 35 (Groups 3, 4) days. Abstinence was verified daily. Groups 1, 2, and 3 underwent a single cue session on the final abstinence day (7, 14, or 35). Group 4 viewed cues on days 7, 14, and 35. Between and within groups, smoking-cue-induced craving increased with abstinence on some measures. Cue-induced craving was greater in Group 3 (35-day) compared to Group 1 (7-day). Within Group 4, cue-induced craving was greater at 35 than 14 days. Cue-induced craving did not decrease with abstinence on any measure. We present initial evidence of incubation of cue-induced craving in humans. The observation that cue-induced craving increases with abstinence, even as “background” craving and withdrawal symptoms subside, may have treatment implications.
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