Memory, plasticity and sleep - A role for calcium permeable AMPA receptors?

Memory, plasticity and sleep - A role for calcium permeable AMPA receptors?
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DOI:
10.3389/fnmol.2012.00049
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Shepherd JD
Shepherd JD
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Shepherd JD

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经历在一生中塑造和塑造着大脑。神经元回路的这些变化是由无数的分子和细胞过程产生的。简单地说,回路是通过神经递质释放的改变或通过突触的神经递质检测来改变的。兴奋性传递中的主要神经递质受体ampa型谷氨酸受体(AMPAR)对经验和突触活动的变化非常敏感。这些离子通道通常不被钙渗透,这是GluA2亚基赋予的特性。然而,缺乏glua2的AMPARs可以渗透到钙中,并且最近被证明在突触功能中发挥独特的作用。在这篇综述中,我将介绍钙透性AMPARs (CP-AMPARs)在经验依赖和突触可塑性中的作用的新发现。这些研究表明,cp - ampar在维持神经回路处于不稳定状态中发挥着重要作用,从而促进了进一步的可塑性,从而促进了超塑性。此外,CP-AMPARs的异常表达与药物成瘾和记忆障碍有关,因此可能是一个新的治疗靶点。
Experience shapes and molds the brain throughout life.These changes in neuronal circuits are produced by a myriad of molecular and cellular processes. Simplistically, circuits are modified through changes in neurotransmitter release or through neurotransmitter detection at synapses. The predominant neurotransmitter receptor in excitatory transmission, the AMPA-type glutamate receptor (AMPAR), is exquisitely sensitive to changes in experience and synaptic activity. These ion channels are usually impermeable to calcium, a property conferred by the GluA2 subunit. However, GluA2-lacking AMPARs are permeable to calcium and have recently been shown to play a unique role in synaptic function. In this review, I will describe new findings on the role of calcium permeable AMPARs (CP-AMPARs) in experience-dependent and synaptic plasticity.These studies suggest that CP-AMPARs play a prominent role in maintaining circuits in a labile state where further plasticity can occur, thus promoting metaplasticity. Moreover, the abnormal expression of CP-AMPARs has been implicated in drug addiction and memory disorders and thus may be a novel therapeutic target.
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