Inner versus Overt Speech Production: Does This Make a Difference in the Developing Brain?
Inner versus Overt Speech Production: Does This Make a Difference in the Developing Brain?
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DOI：
10.3390/brainsci10120939
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发表时间：
2020-12-05
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Rossi S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stephan F;Saalbach H;Rossi S
对成人的研究表明，外在言语和内心言语之间的神经处理存在差异。到目前为止，尚不清楚儿童的内在言语和外在言语处理是否存在差异。本研究通过同时应用脑电图 (EEG) 和功能性近红外光谱 (fNIRS) 来检查言语网络的预激活，以便将 6 至 7 岁儿童的一般执行控制与内部和外显言语产生的语言控制分开。孩子们接受了一项图片命名任务，其中可以区分后续言语产生的纯粹准备和言语的实际执行。准备阶段本身并不代表语音，但它类似于语言生成网络的建立。只有 fNIRS 显示，在准备阶段，双侧前额叶至顶叶区域的外显言语激活程度高于内在言语激活程度。研究结果表明，儿童的大脑可以为随后的言语表达做好准备。外在言语和内心言语的准备需要不同的领域——一般执行控制。与成人相比，当具体的语言内容出现并且需要具体的执行时，儿童的大脑并没有表现出内心言语和外在言语之间的差异。这可能表明特定领域的执行控制流程仍在开发中。
Studies in adults showed differential neural processing between overt and inner speech. So far, it is unclear whether inner and overt speech are processed differentially in children. The present study examines the pre-activation of the speech network in order to disentangle domain-general executive control from linguistic control of inner and overt speech production in 6- to 7-year-olds by simultaneously applying electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Children underwent a picture-naming task in which the pure preparation of a subsequent speech production and the actual execution of speech can be differentiated. The preparation phase does not represent speech per se but it resembles the setting up of the language production network. Only the fNIRS revealed a larger activation for overt, compared to inner, speech over bilateral prefrontal to parietal regions during the preparation phase. Findings suggest that the children’s brain can prepare the subsequent speech production. The preparation for overt and inner speech requires different domain-general executive control. In contrast to adults, the children’s brain did not show differences between inner and overt speech when a concrete linguistic content occurs and a concrete execution is required. This might indicate that domain-specific executive control processes are still under development.
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