Evidence for accelerated weathering and sulfate export in high alpine environments

Evidence for accelerated weathering and sulfate export in high alpine environments
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高山环境中加速风化和硫酸盐输出的证据

DOI:
10.1088/1748-9326/ab5d9c
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
6.7
通讯作者:
Neff, Jason C.
Neff, Jason C.
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Crawford, John T.;Hinckley, Eve-Lyn S.;Litaor, M. Iggy;Brahney, Janice;Neff, Jason C.

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高海拔高山生态系统--“世界水塔”--为地球仪的人类提供水源。冰川和永久冻土等活跃的地貌特征使高山生态系统容易受到气候变化的影响,这也可能导致生态地球化学和水质的变化。在这里,我们综合了最近的变化,高海拔流化学从多个站点,表现出一致的和广泛的模式,增加硫酸盐和盐基阳离子浓度或通量。这一趋势发生在过去30年中,在美国落基山脉、加拿大西部、欧洲阿尔卑斯山、冰岛地盾和亚洲喜马拉雅山的多个地点都是一致的。为了更好地了解这些最近的变化,并检查增加的硫和盐基阳离子浓度在表面沃茨的潜在原因,我们提出了一个合成的全球记录,以及高分辨率的33年记录的大气沉积和河流出口数据从一个长期的生态研究站点在科罗拉多,美国。我们评估哪些因素可能是推动全球变化的流化学,包括大气沉积趋势和广泛的气候模式。我们的分析表明,最近的气候变化可能会刺激水文和/或地貌过程的变化,这反过来又会导致基岩的加速风化。这一系列效应对重要地表水资源的化学性质和质量具有广泛的影响。
High elevation alpine ecosystems—the'water towers of the world'—provide water for human populations around the globe. Active geomorphic features such as glaciers and permafrost leave alpine ecosystems susceptible to changes in climate which could also lead to changing biogeochemistry and water quality. Here, we synthesize recent changes in high-elevation stream chemistry from multiple sites that demonstrate a consistent and widespread pattern of increasing sulfate and base cation concentrations or fluxes. This trend has occurred over the past 30 years and is consistent across multiple sites in the Rocky Mountains of the United States, western Canada, the European Alps, the Icelandic Shield, and the Himalayas in Asia. To better understand these recent changes and to examine the potential causes of increased sulfur and base cation concentrations in surface waters, we present a synthesis of global records as well as a high resolution 33 year record of atmospheric deposition and river export data from a long-term ecological research site in Colorado, USA. We evaluate which factors may be driving global shifts in stream chemistry including atmospheric deposition trends and broad climatic patterns. Our analysis suggests that recent changes in climate may be stimulating changes to hydrology and/or geomorphic processes, which in turn lead to accelerated weathering of bedrock. This cascade of effects has broad implications for the chemistry and quality of important surface water resources.
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