Introduction: Drastic Rural Changes in the Age of Land Reform

Introduction: Drastic Rural Changes in the Age of Land Reform
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简介:土改时代农村的巨变

DOI:
10.1007/978-981-16-4725-3_1
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
African Land Reform Under Economic Liberalisation: States, Chiefs, and Rural Communities. Springer
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Shinichi Takeuchi
Shinichi Takeuchi
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
久保 文明;中山 俊宏;山岸 敬和;梅川 健(編)西山隆行(共著);Shinichi Takeuchi

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这一介绍性章节介绍了本书的目标和兴趣,以及将在接下来的章节中讨论的重要主题。这本书的主要目的是通过分析最近的土地改革来反思非洲农村剧烈变化的意义。虽然土地改革的既定目标比较相似,即加强使用者的土地权利,但同一时期非洲农村变革的经验却相当不同。在此背景下,本书进行了比较分析,通过深入的案例研究,寻找导致不同结果的原因。从第二节到第四节,我们概述了传统土地权属的特征、非洲土地的压力和变化,以及最近土地权属改革的背景。第五部分探讨了土地改革给非洲农村社会带来的影响。很明显,土地改革加速了非洲传统土地的商品化。此外,还将审查土地改革的政治影响。本书的案例研究将阐明国家与传统领导人之间的一些关系类型,如勾结、紧张和征服。这些关系可能与宏观层面的政治秩序和国家-社会关系密切相关,但需要进一步深入研究才能理解这些问题。
This introductory chapter presents the objectives and interests of the book as well as important topics that will be addressed in the following chapters. The main purpose of the book is to reflect upon the meanings of drastic African rural changes by analysing recent land reform. Whereas the stated objectives of land reform were relatively similar, that is, strengthening the land rights of users, the experiences of rural change in Africa in the same period have been quite diverse. In this context, this book conducts a comparative analysis, with in-depth case studies to seek reasons that have brought about different outcomes. From the second to fourth sections, we provide an overview of the characteristics of customary land tenure, the pressure over, and change in, African land, and backgrounds of recent land tenure reform. The fifth section considers what land reform has brought to African rural societies. It is evident that land reform has accelerated the commodification of African customary lands. In addition, the political implications of land reform will be examined. The case studies in this book will clarify some types of relationships between the state and traditional leaders, such as collusion, tension, and subjugation. It is likely that these relationships are closely related to macro-level political order and state–society relations, but further in-depth research is required to understand these issues.
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