A Comparison of Co-expression Networks in Silk Gland Reveals the Causes of Silk Yield Increase During Silkworm Domestication
A Comparison of Co-expression Networks in Silk Gland Reveals the Causes of Silk Yield Increase During Silkworm Domestication
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丝腺共表达网络比较揭示家蚕驯化过程中丝产量增加的原因
DOI：
10.3389/fgene.2020.00225
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发表时间：
2019-08
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Zhang Ze
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhou Qiu-Zhong;Fu Ping;Li Shu-Shang;Zhang Chang-Jiang;Yu Quan-You;Qiu Chuan-Zhen;Zhang Hong-Bo;Zhang Ze
长期的驯化和选择性育种使家蚕的产丝量比其野生祖先家蚕的产丝量高出数倍。然而，人们对驯化过程中蚕丝产量增加背后的分子机制知之甚少。通过对家蚕和野蚕丝腺功能分化的动态模式分析，发现在丝腺发育的早中期，家蚕上调表达的基因主要涉及与细胞分裂和生长有关的DNA整合、核酸结合和转运蛋白活性。这导致了家蚕的后部丝腺（PSG）比野蚕具有显著更多的细胞（丝素蛋白合成的“工厂”）。在家蚕丝腺发育后期，蛋白质加工和核糖体途径的基因在家蚕中表达上调，表明家蚕蛋白质合成效率在家蚕驯化过程中得到了极大的提高。在家蚕丝腺中，丝素蛋白合成增加的同时，丝胶蛋白的产生减少。这反映了家蚕和野蚕一直处于不同的选择压力之下。重要的是，我们发现与家蚕的丝编码基因共表达的网络比野桑蚕的大。此外，家蚕中与丝素基因共表达的基因比野桑蚕中更多地受到人工选择。我们的研究结果表明，在家蚕驯化过程中，蚕丝产量的增加涉及到一个生物系统的改善，其中不仅包括扩大“工厂”（PSG细胞）的蛋白质合成，而且还高表达的丝编码基因和丝生产相关基因，如生物能源，运输和核糖体途径基因。
Long-term domestication and selective breeding have increased the silk yield of the domestic silkworm (Bombyx mori) by several times the amount of the silk yield of its wild ancestor (Bombyx mandarina). However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms behind the increase in silk yield during domestication. Based on dynamic patterns of functional divergence in the silk gland between domestic and wild silkworms, we found that at early and intermediate stages of silk gland development, the up-regulated genes of the domestic silkworm were mainly involved in DNA integration, nucleic acid binding, and transporter activity, which are related to the division and growth of cells. This has led to the posterior silk gland (PSG) of the domestic silkworm having significantly more cells (“factories” of fibroin protein synthesis) than that of the wild silkworm. At the late stage of silk gland development, the up-regulated genes in the domestic silkworm was enriched in protein processing and ribosome pathways, suggesting protein synthesis efficiency is greatly improved during silkworm domestication. While there was an increase in fibroin protein synthesis, the production of sericin protein was simultaneously reduced in the silk gland of the domestic silkworm. This reflects that domestic and wild silkworms have been under different selection pressures. Importantly, we found that the network co-expressed with the silk-coding genes of the domestic silkworm was larger than that of the wild silkworm. Furthermore, many more genes co-expressed with silk-coding genes in the domestic silkworm were subjected to artificial selection than those in the wild silkworm. Our results revealed that the increase of silk yield during silkworm domestication is involved in improvement of a biological system which includes not only expansion of “factories” (cells of PSG) of protein synthesis, but also a high expression of silk-coding genes and silk production-related genes such as biological energy, transport, and ribosome pathway genes.
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影响因子：
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作者：
Ma, Li;Xu, Hanfu;Li, Sheng
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DOI：
10.1093/bioinformatics/btu638
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期刊：
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影响因子：
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