Cerebral white matter correlates of delay discounting in adolescents.
Cerebral white matter correlates of delay discounting in adolescents.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbr.2016.03.004
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发表时间：
2016-05-15
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Barry, Amy B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ho, Beng-Choon;Koeppel, Julie A.;Barry, Amy B.
青春期大脑经历了广泛的结构白质(WM)变化。青春期也是认知、情感和社交成熟的关键时期，在过渡到成年的过程中。与成年人相比，青少年通常更容易冲动，冒险行为增加。这项研究的目的是检验青春期冲动是否可能与大脑WM成熟有关。在89名健康青少年中，我们使用延迟折扣任务来评估冲动，以及先前与延迟折扣行为有关的脑区的MRI WM体积。我们发现，较小的延迟折扣AUC(曲线下面积)与较大的眼眶前额叶、背外侧和内侧前额叶皮质(PFC)和运动皮质的WM体积有关。AUC对躯体感觉脑区的WM体积没有显著影响。在我们的样本中，年轻的年龄与眶前叶和背外侧PFC亚区中更大的WM体积显著相关。即使在考虑了与年龄相关的影响后，对即时奖励(或更大的冲动)的偏好仍然与额叶前区较大的WM体积相关，这些区域是已知的中介认知控制的区域。我们的发现进一步支持了这一观点，即大脑WM成熟度降低可能会限制青少年放弃直接奖励的能力，从而导致更大的冲动。
The adolescent brain undergoes extensive structural white matter (WM) changes. Adolescence is also a critical time period during which cognitive, emotional and social maturation occurs in transition into adulthood. Compared to adults, adolescents are generally more impulsive with increased risk-taking behaviors. The goal of this study is to examine whether adolescent impulsivity may be related to cerebral WM maturation. In 89 healthy adolescents, we assessed impulsivity using the delay discounting task, and MRI WM volumes in brain regions previously implicated in delay discounting behaviors. We found that smaller delay discounting AUC (area under the curve) was associated with larger WM volumes in orbitofrontal, dorsolateral and medial prefrontal cortices (PFC) and motor cortex. There were no significant effects of AUC on WM volumes within somatosensory brain regions. In our sample, younger age was significantly associated with greater WM volumes in orbitofrontal and dorsolateral PFC subregions. Even after accounting for age-related effects, preference for immediate rewards (or greater impulsivity) still correlated with larger WM volumes in prefrontal regions known to mediate cognitive control. Our findings lend further support to the notion that reduced brain WM maturity may limit the ability in adolescents to forgo immediate rewards leading to greater impulsivity.
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