Dynamic functional connectivity in the static connectome of Caenorhabditis elegans.

Dynamic functional connectivity in the static connectome of Caenorhabditis elegans.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.conb.2021.12.002
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发表时间:
2022-04
影响因子:
5.7
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
医学2区
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适应性行为的一个特点是能够根据环境和经验灵活地对感官提示做出反应。要了解神经回路如何实现这种灵活性,关键是要解决静态解剖连接如何被调制,以便网络中的功能连接可以被动态调节。在这里,我们回顾了最近在线虫秀丽线虫中的工作,该工作澄清了如何以这种方式调节已定义的连接体。最近的EM研究绘制了许多线虫动物的解剖连接图,突出了解剖网络中的刻板印象的水平。全脑钙成像和对线虫特定神经回路的集中研究发现,回路内神经元的功能耦合具有高度的灵活性。神经元之间的耦合在很大程度上是由长期作用的神经调节系统控制的。这会产生持续的行为状态,动物可以在这些状态之间切换,使它们能够在一系列环境条件下产生适应性行为反应。因此,神经元的动态耦合使多种行为状态能够在物理上刻板的连接体中编码。
A hallmark of adaptive behavior is the ability to flexibly respond to sensory cues, depending on context and experience. To understand how neural circuits implement this flexibility, it is critical to resolve how a static anatomical connectome can be modulated such that functional connectivity in the network can be dynamically regulated. Here, we review recent work in the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans that is clarifying how a defined connectome can be modulated in such a manner. Recent EM studies have mapped the anatomical connectomes of many C. elegans animals, highlighting the level of stereotypy in the anatomical network. Brain-wide calcium imaging and focused studies of specified neural circuits in C. elegans have uncovered a high degree of flexibility in the functional coupling of neurons within circuits. The coupling between neurons is controlled in large part by neuromodulatory systems that act over long time scales. This then gives rise to persistent behavioral states that animals switch between, allowing them to generate adaptive behavioral responses across a range of environmental conditions. Thus, the dynamic coupling of neurons enables multiple behavioral states to be encoded in a physically stereotyped connectome.
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