Advances in surfaces and osseointegration in implantology. Biomimetic surfaces.

Advances in surfaces and osseointegration in implantology. Biomimetic surfaces.
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DOI:
10.4317/medoral.20353
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发表时间:
2015-05-01
期刊:
Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Gil FJ
Gil FJ
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Albertini M;Fernandez-Yague M;Lázaro P;Herrero-Climent M;Rios-Santos JV;Bullon P;Gil FJ

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目前的工作是根据不同类型的表面-即抛光表面,通过减法获得的粗糙表面,以及通过热化学过程获得的新的羟基磷灰石仿生表面-对钛牙种植体骨整合过程进行修订。羟基磷灰石的高等离子体投射温度已被证明可以阻止结晶磷灰石在钛牙种植体上的形成,而是导致无定形磷酸钙的形成(即没有晶体结构)。这一层产生一定的骨整合,但磷酸钙层最终会溶解并在骨和种植体之间留下空隙,从而导致细菌定植导致骨整合失败。最近通过热化学过程获得的一种新表面通过结晶产生一层磷灰石,其矿物含量与人骨相同,该磷灰石与钛表面化学结合。用小型猪测试骨整合速度,3 ~ 4周后显示骨形成,具有可加载种植体的安全性。这种表面可以是立即或早期加载程序的极好候选者。关键词:种植体,种植体表面,骨整合,仿生表面。
The present work is a revision of the processes occurring in osseointegration of titanium dental implants according to different types of surfaces -namely, polished surfaces, rough surfaces obtained from subtraction methods, as well as the new hydroxyapatite biomimetic surfaces obtained from thermochemical processes. Hydroxyapatite’s high plasma-projection temperatures have proven to prevent the formation of crystalline apatite on the titanium dental implant, but lead to the formation of amorphous calcium phosphate (i.e., with no crystal structure) instead. This layer produce some osseointegration yet the calcium phosphate layer will eventually dissolve and leave a gap between the bone and the dental implant, thus leading to osseointegration failure due to bacterial colonization. A new surface -recently obtained by thermochemical processes- produces, by crystallization, a layer of apatite with the same mineral content as human bone that is chemically bonded to the titanium surface. Osseointegration speed was tested by means of minipigs, showing bone formation after 3 to 4 weeks, with the security that a dental implant can be loaded. This surface can be an excellent candidate for immediate or early loading procedures. Key words:Dental implants, implants surfaces, osseointegration, biomimetics surfaces.
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