Effectiveness of face masks used to protect Beijing residents against particulate air pollution.
Effectiveness of face masks used to protect Beijing residents against particulate air pollution.
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DOI：
10.1136/oemed-2017-104765
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发表时间：
2018-06
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Loh M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cherrie JW;Apsley A;Cowie H;Steinle S;Mueller W;Lin C;Horwell CJ;Sleeuwenhoek A;Loh M
北京的许多居民使用一次性口罩，试图保护他们的健康免受高颗粒物（PM）浓度的影响。零售口罩可能已通过当地或国际标准认证，但其实际性能可能无法提供市场上销售的暴露减少潜力。本研究旨在评估在中国市售的一系列口罩的有效性。从北京的消费者商店购买了9个声称可以防止细颗粒物（PM2.5）的口罩。通过将空气中的柴油废气吸入材料的一部分并测量过滤介质上游和下游的PM2.5和黑碳（BC）浓度来测试口罩的过滤效率。选择了四种口罩对志愿者进行测试。志愿者在进行久坐任务和主动任务时暴露于实验室内的柴油废气中。连续监测面罩内外的BC浓度。每种面罩材料的平均渗透百分比范围为0.26%至29%，取决于流速和面罩材料。在志愿者测试中，BC的平均总向内渗漏（TIL）在久坐测试中的范围为3%至68%，在活动测试中的范围为7%至66%。在两种测试条件下，仅一种测试的面罩类型显示出小于10%的平均TIL。许多市售的面罩可能无法提供足够的保护，主要是由于面部贴合性差。我们的研究结果表明，应进一步关注口罩设计，并为消费者提供循证指导。
Many residents in Beijing use disposable face masks in an attempt to protect their health from high particulate matter (PM) concentrations. Retail masks may be certified to local or international standards, but their real-life performance may not confer the exposure reduction potential that is marketed. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a range of face masks that are commercially available in China. Nine masks claiming protection against fine PM (PM2.5) were purchased from consumer outlets in Beijing. The masks’ filtration efficiency was tested by drawing airborne diesel exhaust through a section of the material and measuring the PM2.5 and black carbon (BC) concentrations upstream and downstream of the filtering medium. Four masks were selected for testing on volunteers. Volunteers were exposed to diesel exhaust inside an experimental chamber while performing sedentary tasks and active tasks. BC concentrations were continuously monitored inside and outside the mask. The mean per cent penetration for each mask material ranged from 0.26% to 29%, depending on the flow rate and mask material. In the volunteer tests, the average total inward leakage (TIL) of BC ranged from 3% to 68% in the sedentary tests and from 7% to 66% in the active tests. Only one mask type tested showed an average TIL of less than 10%, under both test conditions. Many commercially available face masks may not provide adequate protection, primarily due to poor facial fit. Our results indicate that further attention should be given to mask design and providing evidence-based guidance to consumers.
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作者：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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影响因子：
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