Impact of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on Neuronal Functions.

Impact of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on Neuronal Functions.
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DOI:
10.3389/fnins.2016.00550
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发表时间:
2016
影响因子:
4.3
通讯作者:
Donchin O
Donchin O
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Das S;Holland P;Frens MA;Donchin O

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经颅直流电刺激是一种非侵入性的脑刺激技术,通过施加小电流来调节神经元的兴奋性。这项技术的低成本和易用性吸引了人们对潜在临床应用的兴趣。然而,结果对刺激参数高度敏感,导致难以最大限度地发挥该技术的有效性。尽管颠倒刺激的极性往往会产生相反的效果,但情况并不总是如此。有效的临床应用将需要了解tdcs如何工作;它如何调节神经元;它如何影响局部网络;以及它如何改变网络间信号。我们已经总结了从亚细胞处理到电路级通信的tDCs机制的已知情况,重点是从这些效应的极性特异性中可以学到什么。
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive brain stimulation technique, modulates neuronal excitability by the application of a small electrical current. The low cost and ease of the technique has driven interest in potential clinical applications. However, outcomes are highly sensitive to stimulation parameters, leading to difficulty maximizing the technique's effectiveness. Although reversing the polarity of stimulation often causes opposite effects, this is not always the case. Effective clinical application will require an understanding of how tDCS works; how it modulates a neuron; how it affects the local network; and how it alters inter-network signaling. We have summarized what is known regarding the mechanisms of tDCS from sub-cellular processing to circuit level communication with a particular focus on what can be learned from the polarity specificity of the effects.
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