Alcohol expectancies, problem drinking, and adverse health consequences.
Alcohol expectancies, problem drinking, and adverse health consequences.
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酒精预期、饮酒问题和不良健康后果。
DOI：
10.1016/1054-139x(93)90116-7
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发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Greene,JW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Werner,MJ;Walker,LS;Greene,JW
这项研究评估了酒精的积极和消极预期影响的衡量标准及其在识别饮酒问题和相关疾病高风险大学新生中的主观评价。据推测，对积极结果的更高期望和对负面结果的负面评价更少与酗酒和更多与酒精相关的健康问题的报告有关。大学新生 (n = 328) 完成了对与饮酒相关的积极和消极结果的期望和主观评估的标准化测量，以及评估饮酒模式和常见的与酒精相关的健康问题的调查问卷。 52% 的学生是男性，平均年龄为 17.9 岁 (SD = 0.5)。学生对积极结果的期望以及他们对饮酒的积极和消极结果的主观评价与饮酒和酒精相关的健康问题指数显着相关（p<0.001）。性别、对积极结果的期望以及对消极结果的评估解释了 29% 的饮酒差异和 15% 的酒精相关健康问题指数差异。酗酒的学生和那些报告更多健康问题的学生预计他们的社交能力和性行为会受到更积极的影响（p<0.03），并且不太担心饮酒导致的认知和行为障碍（p<0.001）。健康问题较多的学生不太担心饮酒会导致冒险或攻击行为（p<0.003）。积极和消极的结果预期及其主观评价在饮酒和酒精相关健康问题的变异性中占很大一部分。对这些问题的关注可以深入了解青少年的饮酒动机，并可以为促进行为改变的干预措施提供有用的方法。
This study evaluated a measure of positive and negative expected effects of alcohol and their subjective evaluation in the identification of college freshmen at high risk for problem drinking and associated morbidities. It was hypothesized that greater expectations of positive outcomes and fewer negative evaluations of negative outcomes would be associated with reports of heavier drinking and more alcohol-related health problems. College freshmen (n= 328) completed a standardized measure of expectations and subjective evaluations of positive and negative outcomes associated with drinking, and a questionnaire assessing drinking patterns and common alcohol-related health problems. Fifty-two percent of students were male and the mean age was 17.9 years (SD = 0.5). Students' expectations of positive outcomes and their subjective evaluations of both positive and negative outcomes from drinking were significantly correlated with drinking and alcohol-related health problems indices (p< 0.001). Gender, expectation of positive outcomes, and evaluation of negative outcomes explained 29% of the variance in drinking and 15% of the variance in alcohol-related health problems indices. Heavier-drinking students and those reporting more health problems expected more positive effects on their sociability and sexuality (p< 0.03) and were less concerned about cognitive and behavioral impairment as a result of drinking (p< 0.001). Students with more health problems were less concerned that drinking would lead to risk-taking or aggressive behavior (p< 0.003). Positive and negative outcome expectancies and their subjective evaluations accounted for a significant portion of the variability in drinking and alcohol-related health problems. Attention to these issues may provide insight into an adolescent's motivations to drink and may offer a useful approach to interventions that facilitate behavior change.
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马萨诸塞州大学的“狂饮”者。
DOI：
10.1001/jama.1992.03480210091038
发表时间：
1992
期刊：
JAMA
影响因子：
--
作者：
H. Wechsler;N. Isaac
通讯作者：
N. Isaac
有问题的饮酒者的酒精预期、风险识别和二级预防
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1986
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
K. Fromme;D. Kivlahan;G. Marlatt
通讯作者：
G. Marlatt
按饮酒模式划分的一年级大学生心理社会调查。
DOI：
10.1300/j251v09n03_01
发表时间：
1991
期刊：
Advances in alcohol & substance abuse
影响因子：
--
作者：
R. Canterbury;C. Gressard;W. Vieweg;S. Grossman;P. Westerman;R. McKelway
通讯作者：
R. McKelway
饮酒的后果：大学第一年的行为变化和问题。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1988
期刊：
International Journal of the Addictions
影响因子：
--
作者：
L. Gliksman
通讯作者：
L. Gliksman
酒精使用的预期模型。
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Stacy,AW;Widaman,KF;Marlatt,GA
通讯作者：
Marlatt,GA