The role of vasculature in bone development, regeneration and proper systemic functioning.
The role of vasculature in bone development, regeneration and proper systemic functioning.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10456-017-9541-1
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发表时间：
2017-08
期刊：
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Niedźwiedzki T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Filipowska J;Tomaszewski KA;Niedźwiedzki Ł;Walocha JA;Niedźwiedzki T
骨是一种血管丰富的结缔组织。作为输送给骨细胞的氧气、营养物质、激素、神经递质和生长因子的主要来源，血管对于适当的骨发育、再生和重塑是不可或缺的。骨血管系统也协调着造血的过程。骨骼系统的血液供应是由动脉和小动脉网络提供的，这些动脉和小动脉具有明显的分子特征和在骨结构中的定位。骨的血管在血管生成的过程中发育，通过不同的骨骼特有的机制发生。骨血管功能受损可能与某些骨骼和全身疾病的发生有关，如骨坏死、骨质疏松症、动脉粥样硬化或糖尿病。当疾病或创伤相关的大块骨缺损出现时，需要骨移植或骨组织工程学的策略。然而，在这两种方法中成功的骨再生在很大程度上取决于适当的血液供应。本文综述了骨血管的功能、分子特征和意义的最新数据，重点介绍了血管生成和血管功能在骨发育和再生中的作用，以及在不同的骨骼和全身疾病过程中其损伤的后果。
Bone is a richly vascularized connective tissue. As the main source of oxygen, nutrients, hormones, neurotransmitters and growth factors delivered to the bone cells, vasculature is indispensable for appropriate bone development, regeneration and remodeling. Bone vasculature also orchestrates the process of hematopoiesis. Blood supply to the skeletal system is provided by the networks of arteries and arterioles, having distinct molecular characteristics and localizations within the bone structures. Blood vessels of the bone develop through the process of angiogenesis, taking place through different, bone-specific mechanisms. Impaired functioning of the bone blood vessels may be associated with the occurrence of some skeletal and systemic diseases, i.e., osteonecrosis, osteoporosis, atherosclerosis or diabetes mellitus. When a disease or trauma-related large bone defects appear, bone grafting or bone tissue engineering-based strategies are required. However, a successful bone regeneration in both approaches largely depends on a proper blood supply. In this paper, we review the most recent data on the functions, molecular characteristics and significance of the bone blood vessels, with a particular emphasis on the role of angiogenesis and blood vessel functioning in bone development and regeneration, as well as the consequences of its impairment in the course of different skeletal and systemic diseases.
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