Youth academic achievement, social context, and body mass index.
Youth academic achievement, social context, and body mass index.
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青年学术成就，社会环境和体重指数。
DOI：
10.1016/j.ssmph.2020.100708
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发表时间：
2021-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
McLanahan S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gaydosh L;McLanahan S
这项研究评估了儿童和青少年时期的学业成绩和年龄体重指数（BMI）轨迹之间的关系，并调查了这种关系如何受到社会背景的调节。具体来说，我们测试的假设，学业成绩是不相关的改善身体质量指数的青年从不利的社会环境。我们测试的种族/民族的差异，并研究县级经济流动性在塑造这些模式的作用。我们使用来自纵向脆弱家庭和儿童健康研究（FFCWS）的数据，这是一项正在进行的出生队列研究，代表了2000年在美国大城市出生的儿童，并测量了5年级，9年级和15年级的BMI，学业成绩和社会背景。估计从童年到青春期的BMI的多层次随机效应线性回归模型，我们发现，暴露于社会优势的青年表现出学业成绩和BMI之间的负相关。相比之下，处于社会劣势的年轻人在学业成绩和BMI之间没有任何联系。无论人种/种族如何，均观察到这种差异。县级经济流动性改变了观察到的关系，例如生活在流动性低的地方的年轻人表现出较高的BMI与较高的学习成绩相关。研究结果表明，在弱势青年中，学术成就的健康成本集中在对向上流动的制度支持较低的地区。研究结果表明，受教育程度带来的不平等益处在生命早期就开始了，而生活在促进向上流动的地方可以帮助个人实现自己受教育程度带来的健康益处。教育的成功通常会促进健康，但这种好处取决于儿童时期是否处于不利地位。来自弱势社会环境的青年没有表现出任何与更好的学业成绩相关的BMI益处。生活在促进向上流动的地方可以帮助个人实现教育成就的健康益处。
This study assesses the relationship between academic achievement and body mass index for age (BMI) trajectories across childhood and adolescence, and investigates how this relationship is moderated by social context. Specifically, we test the hypothesis that academic achievement is not associated with improved BMI among youth from disadvantaged social contexts. We test for differences by race/ethnicity, and examine the role of county-level economic mobility in shaping these patterns. We use data from the longitudinal Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (FFCWS), an ongoing birth cohort study representative of children born in large US cities in 2000, and measure BMI, academic achievement, and social context at Years 5, 9, and 15. Estimating multilevel random effects linear regression models of BMI from childhood to adolescence, we find that youth who were exposed to social advantage displayed a negative association between academic achievement and BMI. In contrast, youth exposed to social disadvantage displayed no association between academic achievement and BMI. This difference was observed regardless of race/ethnicity. County-level economic mobility modified the observed relationship, such that youth living in places with low levels of mobility displayed higher BMI associated with high academic performance. The results suggest that the health costs of academic achievement among disadvantaged youth are concentrated in areas with low institutional support for upward mobility. The findings demonstrate that the unequal benefits of educational attainment begin early in life, while living in places that promote upward mobility can help individuals realize the health benefits of their own educational attainment. Educational success generally promotes health, but this benefit depends on childhood exposure to disadvantage. Youth from disadvantaged social contexts did not demonstrate any BMI benefit associated with better academic achievement. Living in places that promote upward mobility can help individuals realize the health benefits of educational attainment.
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