Investigating the Role of Micromammals in the Ecology of Coxiella burnetii in Spain.
Investigating the Role of Micromammals in the Ecology of Coxiella burnetii in Spain.
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DOI：
10.3390/ani11030654
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发表时间：
2021-03-02
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ruiz-Fons F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
González-Barrio D;Jado I;Viñuela J;García JT;Olea PP;Arce F;Ruiz-Fons F
贝氏柯克斯体（Coxiellaburnetii）是一种具有复杂生态的人畜共患传染性细菌，可在多种宿主中复制，是人类Q热和动物柯克斯体病的病原体。然而，人们对野生动物在其传播中的作用知之甚少。我们检测了10种小型哺乳动物的816份脾脏样品和130份来自田鼠雌性的阴道拭子，以检测C。通过qPCR检测贝氏体DNA。我们的目的是评估感染是否发生在西班牙的微型哺乳动物，什么物种可能是病原体维持的相关宿主。9.7%的脾样品为qPCR阳性。结果表明，青海田鼠感染率最高（10.8%），且有1例阴道拭子PCR阳性。阳性率分别为8.7%、7.7%和6.4%。在一份来自M的阳性样品中鉴定出基因型II+菌株。阿瓦利斯这项研究的结果与先前的研究结果一致，表明微型哺乳动物对C。贝氏体感染我们还提供了进一步的支持，以考虑微型哺乳动物时，追查起源的人Q热病例在欧洲的作者之一，可能会受到感染，而处理M。阿瓦利斯贝氏柯克斯体（Coxiellaburnetii）是一种人畜共患传染性细菌，可在多种脊椎动物宿主中复制，具有复杂的生态学特征。西班牙每年向ECDC通报的Q热病例数量最多，野生动物在C热中发挥了相关作用。burnetii生态在该国。然而，C.因此，本研究旨在更好地了解小型哺乳动物在贝氏锥虫宿主中的作用。burnetii生态在该国。采用qPCR方法检测了10种816只小型哺乳动物的脾脏和130份田鼠阴道拭子中的C.贝氏体感染和脱落。9.7%的脾样品为qPCR阳性。感染率最高的是田鼠（10.8%），其中C.在130份阴道拭子中的1份（0.8%）中也检测到贝氏体DNA。林姬鼠、红尾大鳄鱼和家鼠的血清中也有阳性检出，阳性率分别为8.7%、7.7%和6.4%。用PCR-反向线性杂交法对阳性标本进行基因分型，首次在1份M阳性标本中鉴定出基因型为II+的菌株。arvalis，而其余样品只能获得部分结果。参与这项研究的一名研究人员被诊断出患有急性Q热，据推测与M。Arvalis处理。这项研究的结果与先前的发现一致，表明微型哺乳动物可以被C。伯内特氏菌我们的研究结果还表明，微型哺乳动物可能是追溯欧洲人类Q热和动物柯克斯体病病例起源的潜在来源。
Coxiella burnetii, the causal agent of human Q fever and animal Coxiellosis, is a zoonotic infectious bacterium with a complex ecology that replicates in multiple host species. However, the role of wildlife in its transmission is poorly understood. We examined 816 spleen samples obtained from ten species of micromammals and 130 vaginal swabs from Microtus arvalis females to detect the presence of C. burnetii DNA by qPCR. Our aim was assessing whether infection occurs in micromammals in Spain and what species could be relevant hosts in pathogen maintenance. The 9.7% of the spleen samples were qPCR positive. The infection prevalence level was highest (10.8%) in Microtus arvalis and also one vaginal swab was PCR positive. Positive samples were also found in Apodemus sylvaticus (8.7%), Crocidura russula (7.7%), and Rattus rattus (6.4%). A genotype II+ strain was identified in one of the positive samples from M. arvalis. The results of the study are consistent with previous findings suggesting susceptibility of micromammals to C. burnetii infection. We also provide further support to consider micromammals when tracing the origin of human Q fever cases in Europe as one of the authors probably got infected while handling M. arvalis. Coxiella burnetii, the causal agent of human Q fever and animal Coxiellosis, is a zoonotic infectious bacterium with a complex ecology that results from its ability to replicate in multiple (in)vertebrate host species. Spain notifies the highest number of Q fever cases to the ECDC annually and wildlife plays a relevant role in C. burnetii ecology in the country. However, the whole picture of C. burnetii hosts is incomplete, so this study seeks to better understand the role of micromammals in C. burnetii ecology in the country. Spleen samples from 816 micromammals of 10 species and 130 vaginal swabs from Microtus arvalis were analysed by qPCR to detect C. burnetii infection and shedding, respectively. The 9.7% of the spleen samples were qPCR positive. The highest infection prevalence (10.8%) was found in Microtus arvalis, in which C. burnetii DNA was also detected in 1 of the 130 vaginal swabs (0.8%) analysed. Positive samples were also found in Apodemus sylvaticus (8.7%), Crocidura russula (7.7%) and Rattus rattus (6.4%). Positive samples were genotyped by coupling PCR with reverse line blotting and a genotype II+ strain was identified for the first time in one of the positive samples from M. arvalis, whereas only partial results could be obtained for the rest of the samples. Acute Q fever was diagnosed in one of the researchers that participated in the study, and it was presumably linked to M. arvalis handling. The results of the study are consistent with previous findings suggesting that micromammals can be infected by C. burnetii. Our findings additionally suggest that micromammals may be potential sources to trace back the origin of human Q fever and animal Coxiellosis cases in Europe.
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