Functional evolution of a cis-regulatory module.
Functional evolution of a cis-regulatory module.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pbio.0030093
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发表时间:
2005-04
期刊:
影响因子:
9.8
通讯作者:
Kreitman M
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ludwig MZ;Palsson A;Alekseeva E;Bergman CM;Nathan J;Kreitman M
Lack of knowledge about how regulatory regions evolve in relation to their structure–function may limit the utility of comparative sequence analysis in deciphering cis-regulatory sequences. To address this we applied reverse genetics to carry out a functional genetic complementation analysis of a eukaryotic cis-regulatory module—the even-skipped stripe 2 enhancer—from four Drosophila species. The evolution of this enhancer is non-clock-like, with important functional differences between closely related species and functional convergence between distantly related species. Functional divergence is attributable to differences in activation levels rather than spatiotemporal control of gene expression. Our findings have implications for understanding enhancer structure–function, mechanisms of speciation and computational identification of regulatory modules. Analysis of the even-skipped stripe 2 enhancer from four Drosophila species revealed that functional divergence is attributable to differences in activation levels rather than spatiotemporal control of gene expression
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DOI:
10.1073/pnas.231608898
发表时间:
2002-01-22
影响因子:
11.1
作者:
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通讯作者:
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影响因子:
64.5
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通讯作者:
MANIATIS, T