Distinct Patterns of Impaired Cognitive Control Among Boys and Girls with ADHD Across Development.
Distinct Patterns of Impaired Cognitive Control Among Boys and Girls with ADHD Across Development.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10802-021-00792-2
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发表时间：
2021-07
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Rosch KS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DeRonda A;Zhao Y;Seymour KE;Mostofsky SH;Rosch KS
本研究探讨了ADHD的女孩和男孩从童年到青春期是否表现出类似的认知控制障碍，以及认知控制与ADHD症状之间的发展关系。参与者包括8-17岁ADHD儿童（n=353，104名女孩）和典型发育（TD）对照组（n=241，86名女孩），纵向数据来自n=137。参与者完成了两个去/不去（GNG）的任务，不同的工作记忆的需求。采用线性混合效应模型，比较ADHD和TD控制的女孩和男孩中每个GNG任务的认知控制的年龄相关变化，以及与ADHD症状的关系。患有ADHD的男孩表现出受损的反应抑制和增加的反应变异性。相比之下，ADHD女孩表现出受损的反应抑制，只有更大的工作记忆的需求，而他们显示增加反应的变异性，无论工作记忆的需求。年龄相关变化的分析显示，在最低工作记忆需求下，ADHD女孩的认知控制缺陷随年龄的增长而增加，ADHD男孩的认知控制缺陷随年龄的增长而减少。相比之下，与TD同龄人相比，ADHD男孩和女孩的认知控制缺陷与更大的工作记忆需求随着年龄的增长而减少。在ADHD儿童中，儿童期不良反应抑制可预测青春期的注意力不集中症状，并且与注意力不集中症状的年龄相关改善较少相关。这些研究结果表明，患有ADHD的女孩和男孩在整个发育过程中表现出不同的认知控制障碍，儿童期的反应抑制可能是青春期ADHD症状的重要预测因素。
This study examined whether girls and boys with ADHD show similar impairments in cognitive control from childhood into adolescence and the developmental relationship between cognitive control and ADHD symptoms. Participants include 8–17 year-old children with ADHD (n=353, 104 girls) and typically developing (TD) controls (n=241, 86 girls) with longitudinal data obtained from n=137. Participants completed two go/no-go (GNG) tasks that varied in working memory demand. Linear mixed-effects models were applied to compare age-related changes in cognitive control for each GNG task among girls and boys with ADHD and TD controls and in relation to ADHD symptoms. Boys with ADHD showed impaired response inhibition and increased response variability across tasks. In contrast, girls with ADHD showed impaired response inhibition only with greater working memory demands whereas they displayed increased response variability regardless of working memory demands. Analysis of age-related change revealed that deficits in cognitive control under minimal working memory demands increase with age among girls with ADHD and decrease with age among boys with ADHD. In contrast, deficits in cognitive control with greater working memory demands decrease with age among both boys and girls with ADHD compared to TD peers. Among children with ADHD poor response inhibition during childhood predicted inattentive symptoms in adolescence and was associated with less age-related improvement in inattentive symptoms. These findings suggest that girls and boys with ADHD show differential impairment in cognitive control across development and response inhibition in childhood may be an important predictor of ADHD symptoms in adolescence.
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影响因子：
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作者：
Klein, Rachel G.;Mannuzza, Salvatore;Olazagasti, Maria A. Ramos;Roizen, Erica;Hutchison, Jesse A.;Lashua, Erin C.;Castellanos, F. Xavier
通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1080/15374410701274066
发表时间：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jaac.2016.07.774
发表时间：
2016-11
影响因子：
13.3
作者：
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Nichols, J. Quyen