Isomaltooligosaccharides Sustain the Growth of Prevotella Both In Vitro and in Animal Models.
Isomaltooligosaccharides Sustain the Growth of Prevotella Both In Vitro and in Animal Models.
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低聚异麦芽糖在体外和动物模型中维持普雷沃氏菌的生长
DOI：
10.1128/spectrum.02621-21
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发表时间：
2022-12-21
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
人类消化道寄生着数万亿个细菌细胞，这些细菌细胞在人类健康和疾病中发挥着重要作用。众所周知，饮食习惯与人类微生物群肠道类型有关。然而，决定肠型的因素仍然难以捉摸。在这项研究中，首先通过体外分批发酵检查了不同碳水化合物如何影响拟杆菌和普雷沃氏菌肠型。在测试的 11 种底物（果糖、半乳糖、木糖、甘露糖和异麦芽寡糖 [IMO] 以及乳果糖、棉子糖、淀粉、菊粉 [INU]、甘露醇和木糖醇）中，发现 IMO、INU 和淀粉可以通过分批发酵维持普雷沃氏菌的生长。使用粪便样本在恒化器中进一步模拟普雷沃氏菌和拟杆菌肠型的发育。 IMO 需要结合更快的稀释率和更低的 pH 值来维持基于 16S rRNA 基因和宏基因组测序的恒化器中普氏菌的生长。同时，需要相对较低稀释率和较高pH值的淀粉来支持拟杆菌肠型的发育。淀粉-α-1,6-葡萄糖苷酶、果胶和木聚糖裂解酶是与普雷沃氏菌肠型相关的碳水化合物活性酶。拟杆菌肠型与更多样化的碳水化合物活性酶有关。一致的是，由于蜂蜜含有高异麦芽糖含量，喂食 IMO 和蜂蜜的小鼠表现出结肠中普氏菌的相对丰度增加。总之，体外系统和小鼠模型均用于证明 IMO 保持普雷沃氏菌肠型。这一结果提供了对肠道肠型形成背后的营养需求的深入了解。重要性普雷沃氏菌肠型是人类传统肠型，膳食纤维摄入量较高，与健康老龄化和帕金森病的发展有关。通过膳食异麦芽低聚糖对肠道微生物的操纵有效地维持了普雷沃氏菌型肠型，表明它可以通过增加肠道转运时间来改善老年人的健康。
The human digestive tract is colonized by trillions of bacterial cells that play important roles in human health and diseases. It is well known that dietary habits are associated with human microbiota enterotypes. However, the factors that determine the enterotype still remain elusive. In this study, it was first examined, via in vitro batch fermentation, how different carbohydrates affect the Bacteroides and Prevotella enterotypes. Among the 11 substrates (fructo-, galacto-, xylo-, manno-, and isomalto-oligosaccharides [IMO] and lactulose, raffinose, starch, inulin [INU], mannitol, and xylitol) tested, IMO, INU, and starch were found to sustain the growth of Prevotella through batch fermentation. The development of the Prevotella and Bacteroides enterotypes was further simulated in chemostats using fecal samples. IMO coupled with faster dilution rates and lower pH were required to sustain the growth of Prevotella copri in the chemostat based on 16S rRNA gene and metagenomic sequencing. Meanwhile, starch with relatively lower dilution rates and higher pH was required to support the development of the Bacteroides enterotype. Amylo-α-1,6-glucosidase, pectin, and xylan lyases were the carbohydrate-active enzymes associated with the Prevotella enterotype. The Bacteroides enterotype was associated with more diversified carbohydrate-active enzymes. Consistently, since honey contains high isomaltose content, mice fed IMO and honey displayed an increased relative abundance of Prevotella in the colon. In conclusion, both in vitro systems and a mouse model were used to demonstrate that IMO maintains the Prevotella enterotype. This result provides insight into the nutritional requirements underlying gut enterotype formation. IMPORTANCE The Prevotella enterotype type is a human traditional enterotype with high dietary fiber intake, which is related to healthy ageing and Parkinson’s disease development. Manipulations of the dwelled gut microbes by dietary isomalto-oligosaccharides efficiently sustained Prevotella type enterotypes, indicating that it can be used in the improvement of elderly health by increasing the gut transit time.
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影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Pompei, Anna;Cordisco, Lisa;Rossi, Maddalena
通讯作者：
Rossi, Maddalena
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
de Moraes AC;Fernandes GR;da Silva IT;Almeida-Pititto B;Gomes EP;Pereira AD;Ferreira SR
通讯作者：
Ferreira SR
影响因子：
16.6
作者：
Simmons TJ;Frandsen KEH;Ciano L;Tryfona T;Lenfant N;Poulsen JC;Wilson LFL;Tandrup T;Tovborg M;Schnorr K;Johansen KS;Henrissat B;Walton PH;Lo Leggio L;Dupree P
通讯作者：
Dupree P
影响因子：
29
作者：
Sonnenburg ED;Sonnenburg JL
通讯作者：
Sonnenburg JL
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Arumugam, Manimozhiyan;Raes, Jeroen;Pelletier, Eric;Le Paslier, Denis;Yamada, Takuji;Mende, Daniel R.;Fernandes, Gabriel R.;Tap, Julien;Bruls, Thomas;Batto, Jean-Michel;Bertalan, Marcelo;Borruel, Natalia;Casellas, Francesc;Fernandez, Leyden;Gautier, Laurent;Hansen, Torben;Hattori, Masahira;Hayashi, Tetsuya;Kleerebezem, Michiel;Kurokawa, Ken;Leclerc, Marion;Levenez, Florence;Manichanh, Chaysavanh;Nielsen, H. Bjorn;Nielsen, Trine;Pons, Nicolas;Poulain, Julie;Qin, Junjie;Sicheritz-Ponten, Thomas;Tims, Sebastian;Torrents, David;Ugarte, Edgardo;Zoetendal, Erwin G.;Wang, Jun;Guarner, Francisco;Pedersen, Oluf;de Vos, Willem M.;Brunak, Soren;Dore, Joel;Weissenbach, Jean;Ehrlich, S. Dusko;Bork, Peer
通讯作者：
Bork, Peer