Temporal trends in arthropod abundances after the transition to organic farming in paddy fields.
Temporal trends in arthropod abundances after the transition to organic farming in paddy fields.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0190946
复制
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Miyashita T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tsutsui MH;Kobayashi K;Miyashita T
有机农业旨在减少对生态系统的影响，提高农业地区的生物多样性，但其应用的长期有效性尚不清楚。评估很少包括具有不同生态和经济作用的各种分类群体。从传统耕作到有机耕作的过渡，在稻田里，我们调查了害虫、多面手捕食者和保护性物种丰度的变化。各种节肢动物的丰度表现出不同的趋势，相对于过去的几年，因为过渡到有机农业。幼虫鳞翅目、肖蛾蜘蛛、以及一些稻飞虱和蝽类随着时间的推移呈非线性增加，最终达到饱和，如丰度连续几年增加，10年后趋于稳定。这种格局可以用农药残留、土壤矿化滞后时间和扩散限制来解释。一个豆娘（Ischnura asiatica）没有显示出特定的趋势，随着时间的推移，可能是由于其快速移民的来源栖息地。出乎意料的是，随着时间的推移，稻飞虱和一些叶蝉都表现出逐渐减少。由于它们的丰度与肖峭蜘蛛的丰度呈负相关，天敌捕食的增加可能会逐渐减少这些昆虫的种群。这些结果表明，生物体的时间依赖性反应的考虑是必不可少的有机农业的成本和效益的评估，这样的评估可以提供一个基础，指导方针的有机农业恢复生物多样性的时间长度或所需的经济补贴，以补偿虫害。
Organic farming aims to reduce the effect on the ecosystem and enhance biodiversity in agricultural areas, but the long-term effectiveness of its application is unclear. Assessments have rarely included various taxonomic groups with different ecological and economic roles. In paddy fields with different numbers of years elapsed since the transition from conventional to organic farming, we investigated changes in the abundance of insect pests, generalist predators, and species of conservation concern. The abundance of various arthropods exhibited diverse trends with respect to years elapsed since the transition to organic farming. Larval lepidopterans, Tetragnatha spiders, and some planthoppers and stink bugs showed non-linear increases over time, eventually reaching saturation, such as the abundance increasing for several years and then becoming stable after 10 years. This pattern can be explained by the effects of residual pesticides, the lag time of soil mineralization, and dispersal limitation. A damselfly (Ischnura asiatica) did not show a particular trend over time, probably due to its rapid immigration from source habitats. Unexpectedly, both planthoppers and some leafhoppers exhibited gradual decreases over time. As their abundances were negatively related to the abundance of Tetragnatha spiders, increased predation by natural enemies might gradually decrease these insect populations. These results suggest that the consideration of time-dependent responses of organisms is essential for the evaluation of the costs and benefits of organic farming, and such evaluations could provide a basis for guidelines regarding the length of time for organic farming to restore biodiversity or the economic subsidy needed to compensate for pest damage.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
11.6
作者：
Kiritani, K.
通讯作者：
Kiritani, K.
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Kadoya, Taku;Suda, Shin-ichi;Washitani, Izumi
通讯作者：
Washitani, Izumi
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Hokazono, Shingo;Hayashi, Kiyotada
通讯作者：
Hayashi, Kiyotada
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Hyvonen, Terho
通讯作者：
Hyvonen, Terho
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Jonason, Dennis;Andersson, Georg K. S.;Bengtsson, Jan
通讯作者：
Bengtsson, Jan