Determinants of Peroxisome Membrane Dynamics.

Determinants of Peroxisome Membrane Dynamics.
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DOI:
10.3389/fphys.2022.834411
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Schrader M
Schrader M
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Carmichael RE;Schrader M

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细胞内的细胞器是高度动态的实体,需要戏剧性的形态变化来支持其功能和维护。因此,细胞器膜也是高度动态的,随着细胞器形状的改变而适应一系列拓扑结构。特别是,过氧化物酶体小,无处不在的细胞器参与脂质代谢和活性氧物种的稳态显示出惊人的可塑性,例如,在生长和分裂过程中,他们增殖。在此过程中,现有过氧化物酶体的膜伸长形成小管,然后收缩并最终经历断裂以产生新的过氧化物酶体。这种可塑性的功能障碍导致发育和神经表型疾病,突出了过氧化物酶体动力学对健康细胞功能的重要性。是什么控制了过氧化物酶体膜的动力学,以及这如何影响过氧化物酶体本身的动力学,才刚刚开始被理解。在这篇综述中,我们考虑如何组成,生物物理特性,和蛋白质-脂质相互作用的过氧化物酶体膜的影响,其动力学,并反过来对过氧化物酶体的生物起源和功能。特别是,我们专注于peroxin PEX 11对过氧化物酶体膜的影响,以及其作为生长和分裂的主要调节剂的功能。了解过氧化物酶体膜动力学的作用和调节需要多学科的方法,包括一系列模型物种和一些领域,包括脂质生物化学,生物物理学和计算生物学的知识。在这里,我们提出了一个综合的概述,我们目前的理解过氧化物酶体膜动力学的决定因素,并反映了悬而未决的问题仍然有待解决。
Organelles within the cell are highly dynamic entities, requiring dramatic morphological changes to support their function and maintenance. As a result, organelle membranes are also highly dynamic, adapting to a range of topologies as the organelle changes shape. In particular, peroxisomes—small, ubiquitous organelles involved in lipid metabolism and reactive oxygen species homeostasis—display a striking plasticity, for example, during the growth and division process by which they proliferate. During this process, the membrane of an existing peroxisome elongates to form a tubule, which then constricts and ultimately undergoes scission to generate new peroxisomes. Dysfunction of this plasticity leads to diseases with developmental and neurological phenotypes, highlighting the importance of peroxisome dynamics for healthy cell function. What controls the dynamics of peroxisomal membranes, and how this influences the dynamics of the peroxisomes themselves, is just beginning to be understood. In this review, we consider how the composition, biophysical properties, and protein-lipid interactions of peroxisomal membranes impacts on their dynamics, and in turn on the biogenesis and function of peroxisomes. In particular, we focus on the effect of the peroxin PEX11 on the peroxisome membrane, and its function as a major regulator of growth and division. Understanding the roles and regulation of peroxisomal membrane dynamics necessitates a multidisciplinary approach, encompassing knowledge across a range of model species and a number of fields including lipid biochemistry, biophysics and computational biology. Here, we present an integrated overview of our current understanding of the determinants of peroxisome membrane dynamics, and reflect on the outstanding questions still remaining to be solved.
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