Evolving nonapeptide mechanisms of gregariousness and social diversity in birds.

Evolving nonapeptide mechanisms of gregariousness and social diversity in birds.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.yhbeh.2012.01.005
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发表时间:
2012-03
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Kingsbury, Marcy A.
Kingsbury, Marcy A.
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Goodson, James L.;Kelly, Aubrey M.;Kingsbury, Marcy A.

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在主要的脊椎动物类群中,鸟类类是与社会制度和行为进化有关的最广泛的研究对象,这主要是因为鸟类在驯养、多样性和认知复杂性方面表现出无与伦比的平衡。此外,像人类一样,大多数鸟类是社会一夫一妻制的,表现出双亲照顾,并通过听觉和视觉方式进行大多数社交活动。这些特性使鸟类成为吸引人的研究对象,也使它们对神经内分泌机制的比较研究具有价值。随着越来越多的证据表明,基底前脑和中脑的社会行为回路非常保守(从进化的角度来看),这一价值变得越来越明显,尤其是在鸟类和哺乳动物中。其中最相似的是鸟类和哺乳动物的非肽系统的基本结构和功能,包括鸟类的中间催产素(MT)和精氨酸加压素(VT)系统,以及哺乳动物中的催产素(OT)和加压素(VP)系统。我们在这里总结这些基本特性,然后描述一个研究项目,该项目利用雌雀的社会多样性来洞察群聚的非肽机制,这是一个在大多数其他类群中不容易实验处理的行为维度。这些研究使用了五种一夫一妻制的双亲雀类物种,它们的群体规模从地区性的雌雄配对到包含数百或数千只鸟的大型鸟群不等。这些结果为羊膜脊椎动物非肽功能的历史提供了新的见解,并对恐龙和古代哺乳动物的非肽生物学提供了显著的澄清。
Of the major vertebrate taxa, Class Aves is the most extensively studied in relation to the evolution of social systems and behavior, largely because birds exhibit an incomparable balance of tractability, diversity, and cognitive complexity. In addition, like humans, most bird species are socially monogamous, exhibit biparental care, and conduct most of their social interactions through auditory and visual modalities. These qualities make birds attractive as research subjects, and also make them valuable for comparative studies of neuroendocrine mechanisms. This value has become increasingly apparent as more and more evidence shows that social behavior circuits of the basal forebrain and midbrain are deeply conserved (from an evolutionary perspective), and particularly similar in birds and mammals. Among the strongest similarities are the basic structures and functions of avian and mammalian nonapeptide systems, which include mesotocin (MT) and arginine vasotocin (VT) systems in birds, and the homologous oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (VP) systems, respectively, in mammals. We here summarize these basic properties, and then describe a research program that has leveraged the social diversity of estrildid finches to gain insights into the nonapeptide mechanisms of grouping, a behavioral dimension that is not experimentally tractable in most other taxa. These studies have used five monogamous, biparental finch species that exhibit group sizes ranging from territorial male-female pairs to large flocks containing hundreds or thousands of birds. The results provide novel insights into the history of nonapeptide functions in amniote vertebrates, and yield remarkable clarity on the nonapeptide biology of dinosaurs and ancient mammals.
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