Functional neuroanatomy of arithmetic and word reading and its relationship to age.
Functional neuroanatomy of arithmetic and word reading and its relationship to age.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.08.048
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发表时间：
2016-12
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Eden GF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Evans TM;Flowers DL;Luetje MM;Napoliello E;Eden GF
算术和书面语言是人类在早期学校教育中获得并每天使用的独特技能。虽然以前的研究已经独立的算术和阅读的神经基础的特点，在这里，我们在一个单一的研究，以捕捉他们的共同和独特的认知机制，以及年龄/经验的作用，在调节他们的神经表征。我们对7- 29岁的年轻人进行了功能性磁共振成像，他们进行了个位数减法、个位数加法和单字阅读。使用析因设计，我们研究了任务（减法，加法，阅读）和年龄（作为连续变量）的主要影响，以及它们的相互作用。任务的主效应显示双侧顶内沟和缘上回、右侧额回、额下回和扣带回优先激活减法。右侧颞中回和左侧上级颞回在加法和阅读时均优先激活，左侧梭状回在阅读时优先激活。年龄的主要影响显示，老年参与者右角回、上级颞沟和壳核的活动增加，而左侧辅助运动区的活动减少，这表明随着年龄/经验的增加，所有任务的活动从左额叶向右颞顶叶转移。在右侧海马和左侧额中回发现了任务与年龄的相互作用，年龄越大，加法的活动越大，减法和阅读的活动越少。总之，在相同的参与者使用类似的任务和收购参数进行的研究中，结果揭示了这些教育相关的认知技能在典型的参与者的年龄/经验的背景下的神经基板。
Arithmetic and written language are uniquely human skills acquired during early schooling and used daily. While prior studies have independently characterized the neural bases for arithmetic and reading, here we examine both skills in a single study to capture their shared and unique cognitive mechanisms, as well as the role of age/experience in modulating their neural representations. We used functional MRI in 7- to 29-year-olds who performed single-digit subtraction, single-digit addition, and single-word reading. Using a factorial design, we examined the main effects of Task (subtraction, addition, reading) and Age (as a continuous variable), and their interactions. A main effect of Task revealed preferential activation for subtraction in bilateral intraparietal sulci and supramarginal gyri, right insula, inferior frontal gyrus, and cingulate. The right middle temporal gyrus and left superior temporal gyrus were preferentially active for both addition and reading, and left fusiform gyrus was preferentially active for reading. A main effect of Age revealed increased activity in older participants in right angular gyrus, superior temporal sulcus, and putamen, and less activity in left supplementary motor area, suggesting a left frontal to right temporo-parietal shift of activity with increasing age/experience across all tasks. Interactions for Task by Age were found in right hippocampus and left middle frontal gyrus, with older age invoking greater activity for addition and at the same time less activity for subtraction and reading. Together, in a study conducted in the same participants using similar task and acquisition parameters, the results reveal the neural substrates of these educationally relevant cognitive skills in typical participants in the context of age/experience.
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