Heat stress and heat strain among outdoor workers in El Salvador and Nicaragua.
Heat stress and heat strain among outdoor workers in El Salvador and Nicaragua.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41370-023-00537-x
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发表时间：
2023-07
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Scammell, Madeleine K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Petropoulos, Zoe E.;Keogh, Sinead A.;Jarquin, Emmanuel;Lopez-Pilarte, Damaris;Amador Velazquez, Juan Jose;Garcia-Trabanino, Ramon;Amador Sanchez, Magaly Rosario;Guevara, Raul;Gruener, Alexa;Allen, Dustin R.;Leibler, Jessica H.;Delgado, Iris S.;McClean, Michael D.;Friedman, David J.;Brooks, Daniel R.;Scammell, Madeleine K.
在中美洲，由于工人受到一种独特形式的慢性肾脏疾病的影响，人们越来越关注职业性热应激。以前的研究已经检查了湿球温度和估计代谢率来评估热应激，但这些工人的热应激特征数据有限。目的是表征热应激和热应变，并检查工作任务、休息时间、水合作用和肾功能是否与热应变有关。我们使用了来自中美洲肾病职业研究的数据，该研究对萨尔瓦多和尼加拉瓜的569名户外工作者进行了工作场所暴露监测，包括在2018年1月至2018年5月的三天时间内连续测量核心体温（Tc）、心率（HR）、体力活动和湿球温度（WBGT）。参加者分别代表甘蔗、玉米、车前草、制砖及建筑五个行业。在大多数地点，平均温度相对较高（约27°C），特别是当工作时间跨越下午时（例如，大蕉工人的平均温度为29.2°C）。甘蔗工人，特别是两国的甘蔗切割工人和尼加拉瓜的农药施用工人，估计代谢率最高（中位数：299-318千卡/小时）。体力活动数据表明，大多数工人休息的时间很少（少于轮班的10%）。总体而言，甘蔗工人——尤其是尼加拉瓜的工人——的Tc和HR值最高。然而，其他行业的少数工人也达到了高Tc （bbb - 39°C）。肾功能受损（估计肾小球滤过率<90 mL/min/1.73 m2）与Tc和HR值升高相关，即使在调整后也是如此。这是迄今为止对中美洲户外工作者的热应激和疲劳进行的最大规模的研究。制糖公司的工人经常经历零下38摄氏度（尼加拉瓜公司76.9%的监测人日，萨尔瓦多公司46.5%的监测人日）。肾功能受损的工人Tc和HR测量值较高。本研究调查了萨尔瓦多和尼加拉瓜五个行业户外工作者的职业热应激和热应变水平。我们用湿球温度来表征热应激，用核心体温和心率来估计代谢率和热应变。甘蔗工人，特别是甘蔗切割工和尼加拉瓜农用化学品施用工，从事更艰苦的工作，并经历更大程度的热疲劳。肾功能受损与心率和核心体温升高有关。
There is growing attention on occupational heat stress in Central America, as workers in this region are affected by a unique form of chronic kidney disease. Previous studies have examined wet bulb globe temperatures and estimated metabolic rates to assess heat stress, but there are limited data characterizing heat strain among these workers. The aims were to characterize heat stress and heat strain and examine whether job task, break duration, hydration practices, and kidney function were associated with heat strain. We used data from the MesoAmerican Nephropathy Occupational Study, a cohort of 569 outdoor workers in El Salvador and Nicaragua who underwent workplace exposure monitoring, including continuous measurement of core body temperature (Tc), heart rate (HR), physical activity, and wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT), over the course of three days in January 2018 - May 2018. Participants represented five industries: sugarcane, corn, plantain, brickmaking, and construction. Median WBGTs were relatively high (>27 °C) at most sites, particularly when work shifts spanned the afternoon hours (e.g., 29.2 °C among plantain workers). Sugarcane workers, especially cane cutters in both countries and Nicaraguan agrichemical applicators, had the highest estimated metabolic rates (medians: 299–318 kcal/hr). Most workers spent little time on break (<10% of the shift), as determined by physical activity data. Overall, sugarcane workers—particularly those in Nicaragua—experienced the highest Tc and HR values. However, a few workers in other industries reached high Tc (>39 °C) as well. Impaired kidney function (estimated glomerular filtration rate <90 mL/min/1.73 m2) was associated with higher Tc and HR values, even after adjustment. This is the largest study to-date examining heat stress and strain among outdoor workers in Central America. Workers at sugar companies regularly experienced Tc > 38°C (76.9% of monitored person-days at Nicaraguan companies; 46.5% at Salvadoran companies). Workers with impaired kidney function had higher measures of Tc and HR. This study examined levels of occupational heat stress and heat strain experienced among outdoor workers in five industries in El Salvador and Nicaragua. We characterized heat stress using wet bulb globe temperatures and estimated metabolic rate and heat strain using core body temperature and heart rate. Sugarcane workers, particularly cane cutters and Nicaraguan agrichemical applicators, performed more strenuous work and experienced greater levels of heat strain. Impaired kidney function was associated with higher heart rates and core body temperatures.
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影响因子：
8.3
作者：
Adam-Poupart, Ariane;Smargiassi, Audrey;Labreche, France
通讯作者：
Labreche, France
DOI：
10.1007/s00420-019-01426-3
发表时间：
2019-10-01
影响因子：
3
作者：
Butler-Dawson, Jaime;Krisher, Lyndsay;Newman, Lee S.
通讯作者：
Newman, Lee S.
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Bodin T;García-Trabanino R;Weiss I;Jarquín E;Glaser J;Jakobsson K;Lucas RA;Wesseling C;Hogstedt C;Wegman DH;WE Program Working Group
通讯作者：
WE Program Working Group
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Orantes, Carlos M.;Herrera, Raul;Orellana, Patricia
通讯作者：
Orellana, Patricia
影响因子：
13.2
作者：
Gallo-Ruiz, Lyanne;Sennett, Caryn M.;Scammell, Madeleine K.
通讯作者：
Scammell, Madeleine K.