Neurocognitive insights on conceptual knowledge and its breakdown.
Neurocognitive insights on conceptual knowledge and its breakdown.
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2012.0392
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lambon Ralph MA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lambon Ralph MA
概念知识反映了我们的多模态“语义数据库”。因此，它为所有语言和非语言刺激带来意义，是语言和非语言表达的基础，并为计算适当的语义概括提供基础。多个学科（如哲学，认知科学，认知神经科学和行为神经学）一直致力于回答概念如何形成，它们如何在大脑中表示以及它们如何在不同的神经系统患者群体中分解的问题。一个长期存在且突出的假设是，概念是从我们的多模态言语和非言语经验中提炼出来的，因此一种模态的感觉（例如苹果的气味）不仅激活了模态内的长期知识，而且还重新激活了关于该项目的相关模态间信息（即你知道并可以用苹果做的所有事情）。这种概念化的多模态观点与当代功能神经影像学研究相吻合，这些研究观察到依赖于概念类别或信息类型的不同模态特异性关联区域的激活的系统变化。然而，跨学科研究的第二个脉络认为，即使是多模态特征的自助餐也不足以构建连贯的、可概括的概念。相反，需要额外的过程或中间表示。最近的多学科的工作，结合神经心理学，神经科学和计算模型，提供的证据表明，概念化以下的组合的特定模态的信息来源加上transmodal的“枢纽”的代表性系统，主要是由前颞叶内的区域支持，双边。
Conceptual knowledge reflects our multi-modal ‘semantic database’. As such, it brings meaning to all verbal and non-verbal stimuli, is the foundation for verbal and non-verbal expression and provides the basis for computing appropriate semantic generalizations. Multiple disciplines (e.g. philosophy, cognitive science, cognitive neuroscience and behavioural neurology) have striven to answer the questions of how concepts are formed, how they are represented in the brain and how they break down differentially in various neurological patient groups. A long-standing and prominent hypothesis is that concepts are distilled from our multi-modal verbal and non-verbal experience such that sensation in one modality (e.g. the smell of an apple) not only activates the intramodality long-term knowledge, but also reactivates the relevant intermodality information about that item (i.e. all the things you know about and can do with an apple). This multi-modal view of conceptualization fits with contemporary functional neuroimaging studies that observe systematic variation of activation across different modality-specific association regions dependent on the conceptual category or type of information. A second vein of interdisciplinary work argues, however, that even a smorgasbord of multi-modal features is insufficient to build coherent, generalizable concepts. Instead, an additional process or intermediate representation is required. Recent multidisciplinary work, which combines neuropsychology, neuroscience and computational models, offers evidence that conceptualization follows from a combination of modality-specific sources of information plus a transmodal ‘hub’ representational system that is supported primarily by regions within the anterior temporal lobe, bilaterally.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
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