Recording of pig neuronal activity in the comparative context of the awake human brain.
Recording of pig neuronal activity in the comparative context of the awake human brain.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-022-19688-2
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发表时间：
2022-09-15
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Pascual, Juan M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dobariya, Aksharkumar;El Ahmadieh, Tarek Y.;Good, Levi B.;Hernandez-Reynoso, Ana G.;Jakkamsetti, Vikram;Brown, Ronnie;Dunbar, Misha;Ding, Kan;Luna, Jesus;Kallem, Raja Reddy;Putnam, William C.;Shelton, John M.;Evers, Bret M.;Azami, Amirhossein;Geramifard, Negar;Cogan, Stuart F.;Mickey, Bruce;Pascual, Juan M.
回状哺乳动物表现出神经生理和神经网络活动，而其他物种只表现出初级或不同的形式。然而，像猪这样的大型哺乳动物的神经记录在解剖学上受到阻碍，在药理学上被麻醉剂抑制。这限制了比较推理。为了减轻这些限制，我们开始修改皮质电图，脑内深度和皮质内记录方法来研究麻醉猪。在此过程中，我们发现常见形式的输注麻醉，如戊巴比妥或咪达唑仑，可能是神经生理抑制剂，与麻醉剂量或脑浓度相关，以剂量无关的方式起作用。此外，我们证实了标准的实验室条件可能会对特定的神经信号施加电干扰。因此，我们旨在通过开发手术、麻醉和降噪方法以及在新设计的法拉第笼内工作来保护神经网络的完整性和记录的保真度，并从神经生理功率谱密度和相干性分析的角度对其进行评估。我们还使用了新型碳化硅电极，以尽量减少对单个神经元活动的机械干扰。这些方法可以保存原生神经生理活动数小时。除了意识清醒的人与视觉相关的一小段电活动外，猪的皮质电图记录基本上与清醒的人的记录无法区分。此外，单神经元和成对脉冲刺激记录可以与皮质电图和深度电极记录同时进行。自发的和刺激引发的神经元活动可以被精确地记录下来，其精确度与啮齿动物或任何其他动物的研究相似，并被证明与未受干扰的人类皮质电图一样有用。
Gyriform mammals display neurophysiological and neural network activity that other species exhibit only in rudimentary or dissimilar form. However, neural recordings from large mammals such as the pig can be anatomically hindered and pharmacologically suppressed by anesthetics. This curtails comparative inferences. To mitigate these limitations, we set out to modify electrocorticography, intracerebral depth and intracortical recording methods to study the anesthetized pig. In the process, we found that common forms of infused anesthesia such as pentobarbital or midazolam can be neurophysiologic suppressants acting in dose-independent fashion relative to anesthetic dose or brain concentration. Further, we corroborated that standard laboratory conditions may impose electrical interference with specific neural signals. We thus aimed to safeguard neural network integrity and recording fidelity by developing surgical, anesthesia and noise reduction methods and by working inside a newly designed Faraday cage, and evaluated this from the point of view of neurophysiological power spectral density and coherence analyses. We also utilized novel silicon carbide electrodes to minimize mechanical disruption of single-neuron activity. These methods allowed for the preservation of native neurophysiological activity for several hours. Pig electrocorticography recordings were essentially indistinguishable from awake human recordings except for the small segment of electrical activity associated with vision in conscious persons. In addition, single-neuron and paired-pulse stimulation recordings were feasible simultaneously with electrocorticography and depth electrode recordings. The spontaneous and stimulus-elicited neuronal activities thus surveyed can be recorded with a degree of precision similar to that achievable in rodent or any other animal studies and prove as informative as unperturbed human electrocorticography.
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