Adaptive reorganization of the cytoplasm upon stress in budding yeast

Adaptive reorganization of the cytoplasm upon stress in budding yeast
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芽殖酵母应激时细胞质的适应性重组

DOI:
10.1101/468454
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发表时间:
--
期刊:
bioRxiv
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
G Pigino
G Pigino
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
G. Marini;E. Nüske;W. Leng;S. Alberti;G Pigino

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酵母细胞,当暴露于压力时,可以进入一种保护状态,其中细胞分裂,生长和代谢被下调。它们在这种状态下保持活力,直到再次获得营养。细胞如何进入这种保护性生存状态,以及在细胞和亚细胞水平上发生了什么,在很大程度上是未知的。在这项研究中,我们使用电子断层扫描,以调查应力诱导的超微结构的变化,在酵母细胞的细胞质。ATP耗竭后,我们观察到显着的胞质压实和广泛的胞质重组,以及出现不同的膜结合和无膜细胞器。使用相关的光学和电子显微镜,我们进一步证明,这些无膜细胞器之一是由真核生物翻译起始因子2B,蛋白质合成的启动中的一种必需酶,可逆聚合成大束的细丝。我们观察到的变化是压力诱导的生存策略的一部分,允许酵母细胞节省能量,保护蛋白质免受降解,并通过形成蛋白质组装来抑制蛋白质功能。
Yeast cells, when exposed to stress, can enter a protective state in which cell division, growth, and metabolism are down-regulated. They remain viable in this state until nutrients become available again. How cells enter this protective survival state and what happens at a cellular and subcellular level are largely unknown. In this study, we used electron tomography to investigate stress-induced ultrastructural changes in the cytoplasm of yeast cells. After ATP depletion, we observed significant cytosolic compaction and extensive cytoplasmic reorganization, as well as the emergence of distinct membrane-bound and membraneless organelles. Using correlative light and electron microscopy, we further demonstrated that one of these membraneless organelles was generated by the reversible polymerization of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B, an essential enzyme in the initiation of protein synthesis, into large bundles of filaments. The changes we observe are part of a stress-induced survival strategy, allowing yeast cells to save energy, protect proteins from degradation, and inhibit protein functionality by forming assemblies of proteins.
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