The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Autoimmune Disorders.

The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Autoimmune Disorders.
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细胞外囊泡在自身免疫性疾病发病机制和治疗中的作用。

DOI:
10.3389/fimmu.2021.566299
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
7.3
通讯作者:
Wayne E
Wayne E
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lu M;DiBernardo E;Parks E;Fox H;Zheng SY;Wayne E

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细胞外囊泡(EV)是自身免疫性疾病的重要参与者,无论是在疾病发病机制中还是作为潜在的治疗方法。EV可以将自身免疫触发物转运到全身,促进抗原呈递过程。了解细胞应激与EV生物发生和细胞间运输之间的联系将促进我们对自身免疫性疾病的理解。此外,EV也可以有效治疗自身免疫性疾病。产生EV的细胞类型的多样性导致EV中存在广泛的分子,因此EV具有广泛的生理效应。来自树突状细胞或间充质干细胞的EV已被证明可以减少炎症。由于许多自身免疫性治疗仅专注于症状管理,因此EV为潜在治疗提供了一条有希望的途径。本文综述了EV在自身免疫性疾病中的不同作用,从疾病病理到诊断和治疗。我们还概述了分离或产生EV的各种方法,并展望了EV在自身免疫性疾病中可能的应用前景。
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important players in autoimmune diseases, both in disease pathogenesis and as potential treatments. EVs can transport autoimmune triggers throughout the body, facilitating the process of antigen presentation. Understanding the link between cellular stress and EV biogenesis and intercellular trafficking will advance our understanding of autoimmune diseases. In addition, EVs can also be effective treatments for autoimmune diseases. The diversity of cell types that produce EVs leads to a wide range of molecules to be present in EVs, and thus EVs have a wide range of physiological effects. EVs derived from dendritic cells or mesenchymal stem cells have been shown to reduce inflammation. Since many autoimmune treatments are focused only on symptom management, EVs present a promising avenue for potential treatments. This review looks at the different roles EVs can play in autoimmune diseases, from disease pathology to diagnosis and treatment. We also overview various methodologies in isolating or generating EVs and look to the future for possible applications of EVs in autoimmune diseases.
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