Analyzing the impact of three-dimensional building structure on CO2 emissions based on random forest regression

Analyzing the impact of three-dimensional building structure on CO2 emissions based on random forest regression
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基于随机森林回归分析三维建筑结构对CO2排放的影响

DOI:
10.1016/j.energy.2021.121502
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发表时间:
2021-12
期刊:
影响因子:
9
通讯作者:
Fang Wang
Fang Wang
中科院分区:
工程技术1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jinyao Lin;Siyan Lu;Xiaoyu He;Fang Wang

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二氧化碳(CO2)是主要的温室气体,日益威胁环境条件和公众健康。除了传统的社会经济缓解措施外,健康的城市设计可以大大有助于减少二氧化碳排放。然而,以往的研究主要集中在水平景观格局和空间结构对CO2排放的影响。立体建筑结构与CO2排放之间的关系还有待探讨。为了填补这一知识空白,我们的研究分析了哪些建筑指标对高密度地区的二氧化碳排放量最重要。首先,通过Pearson相关性检验,发现了CO2排放与各种潜在空间驱动因子之间的线性关系。其次,我们研究了是否额外考虑不同的建筑相关指标可以更好地解释CO2排放量的变化,使用随机森林回归。研究表明,建筑覆盖率、平均建筑数量、空间拥挤度和容积率对研究区CO2排放量有显著影响。建筑结构是影响CO2排放量的关键因素。例如,我们的改进模型产生了较低的根相对平方误差(32.53%)比基准模型(34.68%)。这一方法框架可以很容易地应用于任何其他地区,预计将提供有价值的信息,从垂直城市规划的角度减少CO2排放。政策制定者应在健康城市设计的早期阶段仔细考虑建筑结构对CO2排放的影响。
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the primary greenhouse gas that increasingly threatens environmental conditions and public health. In addition to conventional socio-economic mitigation measures, a healthy urban design can substantially contribute to the reduction of CO2emissions. Nevertheless, previous attempts only concentrated on the impacts of horizontal landscape pattern and spatial structure on CO2emissions. The relationship between three-dimensional building structure and CO2emissions remains to be explored. To fill this knowledge gap, our study analyzed which building indicators matter most to CO2emissions in high-density areas. First, we discovered the linear relationships between CO2emissions and various potential spatial drivers based on Pearson correlation test. Second, we examined whether the additional consideration of different building-related indicators can better explain the variation in CO2emissions using random forest regression. These experiments indicated that building coverage ratio, mean building number, spatial congestion degree, and floor area ratio can exert substantial impacts on CO2emissions in the study area. Building structure is a key factor affecting CO2emission volumes. For example, our improved model yields a lower root relative squared error (32.53%) than the benchmark model (34.68%). This methodological framework, which can be easily applied to any other regions, is expected to provide valuable information for the reduction of CO2emissions from the perspective of vertical urban planning. Policy-makers should carefully consider the impact of building structure on CO2emissions at an earlier stage of the healthy urban design.
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