Cryptococcal therapies and drug targets: the old, the new and the promising.
Cryptococcal therapies and drug targets: the old, the new and the promising.
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DOI：
10.1111/cmi.12590
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发表时间：
2016-06
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Casadevall A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coelho C;Casadevall A
两性霉素B问世后的世纪，隐球菌病的治疗仍然不能令人满意。这种疾病主要由两种真菌物种新型隐球菌和格特隐球菌引起，尽管有标准的医疗护理，但仍然造成相当大的发病率和死亡率。目前的治疗选择仅限于两性霉素B、唑类和5-氟胞嘧啶。然而，这种微生物具有许多良好表征的毒力机制，这些机制易于受到药理学干扰，因此是潜在的治疗靶点。在这里，我们讨论了现有的批准抗真菌药物，耐药机制，这些药物和非标准的抗真菌药物，有潜力在治疗隐球菌病，包括免疫调节策略，协同抗真菌药物，如细胞因子管理或单克隆抗体。最后，我们总结了针对隐球菌，荚膜或真菌黑色素的毒力因子的尝试。这篇综述强调了隐球菌病新的治疗方法的迫切需要。
Half a century after the introduction of Amphotericin B the management of cryptococcosis remains unsatisfactory. The disease, caused primarily by the two fungal species Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii, remains responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality despite standard medical care. Current therapeutic options are limited to Amphotericin B, azoles and 5-flucytosine. However, this organism has numerous well-characterized virulence mechanisms that are amenable to pharmacological interference and are thus potential therapeutic targets. Here, we discuss existing approved antifungal drugs, resistance mechanisms to these drugs and non-standard antifungal drugs that have potential in treatment of cryptococcosis, including immunomodulatory strategies that synergize with antifungal drugs, such as cytokine administration or monoclonal antibodies. Finally, we summarize attempts to target well-described virulence factors of Cryptococcus, the capsule or fungal melanin. This review emphasizes the pressing need for new therapeutic alternatives for cryptococcosis.
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影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Gilbert NM;Donlin MJ;Gerik KJ;Specht CA;Djordjevic JT;Wilson CF;Sorrell TC;Lodge JK
通讯作者：
Lodge JK
DOI：
10.1534/g3.112.004242
发表时间：
2013-03
期刊：
G3 (Bethesda, Md.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Chen YL;Lehman VN;Lewit Y;Averette AF;Heitman J
通讯作者：
Heitman J
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Cavaleiro, Carlos;Salgueiro, Ligia;Pinto, Eugenia
通讯作者：
Pinto, Eugenia
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Cox, GM;Mukherjee, J;Perfect, JR
通讯作者：
Perfect, JR
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
El Amraoui, B;El Amraoui, M;Fassouane, A
通讯作者：
Fassouane, A