Sex differences in white matter integrity in youths with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a pilot study.
Sex differences in white matter integrity in youths with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a pilot study.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2015.00232
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Lopez-Larson MP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
King JB;Yurgelun-Todd D;Stoeckel A;DiMuzio JM;Lopez-Larson MP
注意缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)青少年的脑白质(WM)微结构和组织结构存在着广泛的差异；然而，关于性别在这些差异中所起的作用，人们知之甚少。目前的扩散张量成像(DTI)研究进行了全脑、基于区域、体素和感兴趣区(ROI)的分析，以调查ADHD和健康对照(HC)青少年之间的WM微观结构差异，以检查性别对分数各向异性(FA)测量的影响。18例ADHD青少年和24例HC青少年被纳入本研究。所有参与者都接受了方向的弥散张量成像扫描，扫描设备为3特斯拉西门子扫描仪。FSL的TBSS被用来执行全脑、基于区域的体素分析。使用约翰霍普金斯大学的WM影像图谱对平均FA数据进行单变量分析，进一步评估了表现出显著的性别诊断交互作用的区域。不同诊断组间的TBSS分析显示，与ADHD相比，HC患者双侧上纵束(SLF)、钳夹、左侧扣带和双侧扣带区的FA显著增加。此外，TBSS和单独的ROI分析都显示皮质脊髓束(CST)、下纵束(ILF)和SLF存在显著的性别诊断交互作用。在HC组中，在所有分析中，男性相对于女性的FA增加。在诊断性别有显著差异的WM地区，ADHD组女性FA高于男性。我们的发现表明，ADHD患者几个主要的WM束中的WM微观结构在男性和女性之间存在差异。这些WM微观结构的差异可能解释了ADHD亚型和共病在性别之间的一些差异。在ADHD中进行更多的研究，检查表型表达、治疗反应和脑网络轨迹的性别差异是必要的。
Widespread disparities in white matter (WM) microstructure and organization have been found in adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, little is known about the role sex plays in these differences. The present diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) study performed whole-brain, tract-based, voxel-wise, and region of interest (ROI) analyses to investigate WM microstructure differences between ADHD and healthy control (HC) adolescents to examine the impact of sex on measures of fractional anisotropy (FA). Eighteen adolescents with ADHD and 24 HC were included in this study. All participants received a 64-direction DTI scan on a 3 Tesla Siemens scanner. FSL's TBSS was used to perform whole-brain, tract-based, voxel-wise analyses. Tracts demonstrating significant sex-by-diagnosis interactions were further evaluated using univariate analyses performed on mean FA data that were extracted from ROIs using the Johns Hopkins University WM tractography atlas. TBSS analyses between diagnostic groups revealed significantly increased FA in HC relative to ADHD in the bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), forceps major, left cingulum, and bilateral callosal regions. In addition, both TBSS and separate ROI analyses revealed significant sex-by-diagnosis interactions for the corticospinal tract (CST), inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF) and SLF. In the HC group, FA was increased in males relative to females for all analyses. In WM regions demonstrating a significant sex-by-diagnosis, FA was increased in females relative to males in the ADHD group. Our findings suggest that WM microstructure in several major WM tracts differs between males and females with ADHD. These differences in WM microstructure may account for some of the differences in ADHD subtypes and comorbidities seen between the sexes. Additional studies in ADHD, examining sex differences in phenotypic expression, treatment response and brain network trajectories are warranted.
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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